Lv Yun, Du Xiaobo, Tang Wenqiang, Yang Qian, Gao Feng
Departmant of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China.
Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637503, China.
Pharmaceutics. 2023 Jan 30;15(2):462. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020462.
Drug and radiotherapy resistance is the primary cause of treatment failure and poor prognosis in patients with tumors. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles loaded with substances such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins that transmit information between cells. Studies have found that exosomes are involved in tumor therapy resistance through drug efflux, promotion of drug resistance phenotypes, delivery of drug-resistance-related molecules, and regulation of anti-tumor immune responses. Based on their low immunogenicity and high biocompatibility, exosomes have been shown to reduce tumor therapy resistance by loading nucleic acids, proteins, and drugs inside xosomes or expressing tumor-specific antigens, target peptides, and monoclonal antibodies on their phospholipid bimolecular membranes. Consequently, future research on genetically engineered exosomes is expected to eliminate resistance to tumor treatment, improving the overall prognosis of patients with tumors.
药物和放疗耐药性是肿瘤患者治疗失败和预后不良的主要原因。外泌体是装载有核酸、脂质和蛋白质等物质的细胞外囊泡，可在细胞间传递信息。研究发现，外泌体通过药物外排、促进耐药表型、传递耐药相关分子以及调节抗肿瘤免疫反应参与肿瘤治疗耐药。基于其低免疫原性和高生物相容性，外泌体已被证明可通过在其内部装载核酸、蛋白质和药物或在其磷脂双分子膜上表达肿瘤特异性抗原、靶向肽和单克隆抗体来降低肿瘤治疗耐药性。因此，未来关于基因工程外泌体的研究有望消除肿瘤治疗耐药性，改善肿瘤患者的总体预后。
