Bravo-Vázquez Luis Alberto, Mora-Hernández Erick Octavio, Rodríguez Alma L, Sahare Padmavati, Bandyopadhyay Anindya, Duttaroy Asim K, Paul Sujay
School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico.
School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Mexico City, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Calle del Puente, No. 222 Col. Ejidos de Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14380, Mexico.
Pharmaceutics. 2023 Feb 20;15(2):711. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020711.
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are characterized by the progressive degeneration and/or loss of neurons belonging to the central nervous system, and represent one of the major global health issues. Therefore, a number of immunotherapeutic approaches targeting the non-functional or toxic proteins that induce neurodegeneration in NDDs have been designed in the last decades. In this context, due to unprecedented advances in genetic engineering techniques and molecular farming technology, pioneering plant-based immunogenic antigen expression systems have been developed aiming to offer reliable alternatives to deal with important NDDs, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Diverse reports have evidenced that plant-made vaccines trigger significant immune responses in model animals, supported by the production of antibodies against the aberrant proteins expressed in the aforementioned NDDs. Moreover, these immunogenic tools have various advantages that make them a viable alternative for preventing and treating NDDs, such as high scalability, no risk of contamination with human pathogens, cold chain free production, and lower production costs. Hence, this article presents an overview of the current progress on plant-manufactured vaccines for NDDs and discusses its future prospects.
神经退行性疾病（NDDs）的特征是属于中枢神经系统的神经元进行性变性和/或丧失，是全球主要的健康问题之一。因此，在过去几十年中，人们设计了许多免疫治疗方法，针对那些在神经退行性疾病中诱导神经变性的无功能或有毒蛋白质。在这种背景下，由于基因工程技术和分子农业技术取得了前所未有的进展，已开发出开创性的基于植物的免疫原性抗原表达系统，旨在为应对包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和多发性硬化症在内的重要神经退行性疾病提供可靠的替代方案。各种报告已证明，植物源疫苗在模型动物中引发显著的免疫反应，这得到了针对上述神经退行性疾病中表达的异常蛋白质产生的抗体的支持。此外，这些免疫原性工具具有多种优势，使其成为预防和治疗神经退行性疾病的可行替代方案，例如高扩展性、无人类病原体污染风险、无需冷链生产以及较低的生产成本。因此，本文概述了用于神经退行性疾病的植物生产疫苗的当前进展，并讨论了其未来前景。
