Wang Yi, Li Ru, Chen Baoshan
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Feb 10;12(4):810. doi: 10.3390/plants12040810.
Sugarcane smut is a worldwide fungal disease. Disease resistance breeding is the most economical and effective measure to prevent and control sugarcane smut. The cytogenetic characteristics and metabolomic differences of sugarcane Fs are closely related to disease resistance. Zhongzhe 1 and G160 sugarcane from the same parents (ROC25 and Yunzhe89-7) were used; the plants were grown in accordance with the barrel method. When the seedlings had 4-5 leaves, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) was performed; digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled female parental (ROC25)DNA and biotin-labeled male parental (Yunzhe89-7) DNA were used as probes, and the karyotypes of two hybrids were analyzed. The new sugarcane smut-resistant variety (Zhongzhe 1) and the susceptible variety (G160) derived from the same parent were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technology (GC-MS) to compare the metabolomic differences between them. GISH analysis revealed that the chromosome ploidy number of Zhongzhe 1 sugarcane and G160 sugarcane were 114 and 110, respectively. However, the two contain different numbers of chromosomes from the female (ROC25) and male (Yunzhe89-7) parents. Moreover, 258 significantly changed metabolites were identified in smut-resistant Zhongzhe 1, as compared with the smut-susceptible G160 sugarcane: 56 flavonoids, 52 phenolic acids, 30 lipids, 26 organic acids, 26 amino acids and derivatives, 19 nucleotides and derivatives, 5 alkaloids, 9 terpenoids, and 35 others. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed a distinct difference in metabolic pathways between Zhongzhe 1 sugarcane and G160, and both of these varieties had unique functional metabolites. Differences in chromosome composition may constitute the genetic basis for the difference in resistance to smut disease between Zhongzhe 1 sugarcane and G160 sugarcane, and a high accumulation of flavonoids, lipids, terpenoids and tannins may constitute the basis of resistance to smut disease for the Zhongzhe 1 variety.
甘蔗黑穗病是一种世界性的真菌病害。抗病育种是防治甘蔗黑穗病最经济有效的措施。甘蔗Fs的细胞遗传学特征和代谢组学差异与抗病性密切相关。使用了来自相同亲本（ROC25和云蔗89-7）的中蔗1号和G160甘蔗；植株按照桶栽法种植。当幼苗有4-5片叶时，进行基因组原位杂交（GISH）；使用地高辛（DIG）标记的母本（ROC25）DNA和生物素标记的父本（云蔗89-7）DNA作为探针，并分析两个杂种的核型。通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）分析了来自同一亲本的新的甘蔗抗黑穗病品种（中蔗1号）和感病品种（G160），以比较它们之间的代谢组学差异。GISH分析表明，中蔗1号甘蔗和G160甘蔗的染色体倍性数目分别为114和110。然而，两者所含来自母本（ROC25）和父本（云蔗89-7）的染色体数目不同。此外，与感黑穗病的G160甘蔗相比，在抗黑穗病的中蔗1号中鉴定出258种显著变化的代谢物：56种黄酮类化合物、52种酚酸、30种脂质、26种有机酸、26种氨基酸及其衍生物、19种核苷酸及其衍生物、5种生物碱、9种萜类化合物和35种其他物质。多变量统计分析显示，中蔗1号甘蔗和G160在代谢途径上存在明显差异，且这两个品种都有独特的功能代谢物。染色体组成的差异可能构成了中蔗1号甘蔗和G160甘蔗对黑穗病抗性差异的遗传基础，而黄酮类化合物、脂质、萜类化合物和单宁的高积累可能构成了中蔗1号品种抗黑穗病的基础。
