Zhou Jinhua, Li Kaifeng, Li Youhan, Li Maoxing, Guo Huachun
College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Root and Tuber Crop Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Feb 12;12(4):818. doi: 10.3390/plants12040818.
The mechanism of potato ( L.) thermotolerance has been the focus of intensive research for many years because plant growth and tuber yield are highly sensitive to heat stress. However, the linkage between the aerial and belowground parts of potato plants in response to high temperatures is not clear. To disentangle this issue, the aerial and belowground parts of the heat-resistant cultivar Dian187 (D187) and the heat-sensitive cultivar Qingshu 9 (Qs9) were independently exposed to high-temperature (30 °C) conditions using a special incubator. The results indicated that when the belowground plant parts were maintained at a normal temperature, the growth of the aerial plant parts was maintained even when independently exposed to heat stress. In contrast, the treatment that independently exposed the belowground plant parts to heat stress promoted premature senescence in the plant's leaves, even when the aerial plant parts were maintained at a normal temperature. When the aerial part of the plant was independently treated with heat stress, tuberization belowground was not delayed, and tuberization suppression was not as severe as when the belowground plant parts independently underwent heat stress. Heat stress on the belowground plant parts alone had virtually no damaging effects on the leaf photosynthetic system but caused distinct tuber deformation, secondary growth, and the loss of tuber skin colour. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the treatment of the belowground plant parts at 30 °C induced 3361 differentially expressed genes in the Qs9 cultivar's expanding tubers, while the D187 cultivar had only 10,148 differentially expressed genes. Conversely, when only the aerial plant parts were treated at 30 °C, there were just 807 DEGs (differentially expressed genes) in the D187 cultivar's expanding tubers compared with 6563 DEGs in the Qs9 cultivar, indicating that the two cultivars with different heat sensitivities have distinct regulatory mechanisms of tuberization when exposed to heat stress. The information provided in this study may be useful for further exploring the genes associated with high-temperature resistance in potato cultivars.
多年来，马铃薯（L.）耐热性机制一直是深入研究的焦点，因为植物生长和块茎产量对热胁迫高度敏感。然而，马铃薯植株地上部分和地下部分在应对高温时的联系尚不清楚。为了解决这个问题，利用特殊培养箱将耐热品种滇187（D187）和热敏品种青薯9号（Qs9）的地上部分和地下部分分别置于高温（30℃）条件下。结果表明，当地下植株部分保持在常温时，即使地上植株部分单独暴露于热胁迫下，其生长仍能维持。相反，将地下植株部分单独暴露于热胁迫的处理促进了植株叶片的早衰，即使地上植株部分保持在常温。当植株地上部分单独进行热胁迫处理时，地下块茎形成没有延迟，且块茎形成抑制程度不如地下植株部分单独遭受热胁迫时严重。仅对地下植株部分进行热胁迫对叶片光合系统几乎没有损害，但会导致明显的块茎变形、二次生长以及块茎表皮颜色丧失。转录组分析显示，在30℃处理地下植株部分时，Qs9品种正在膨大的块茎中有3361个差异表达基因，而D187品种只有10148个差异表达基因。相反，当仅对地上植株部分在30℃处理时，D187品种正在膨大的块茎中有807个差异表达基因（DEGs），而Qs9品种有6563个差异表达基因，这表明两个热敏感性不同的品种在暴露于热胁迫时具有不同的块茎形成调控机制。本研究提供的信息可能有助于进一步探索马铃薯品种中与耐高温相关的基因。
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