Liaqat Iram, Muhammad Noor, Ara Chaman, Hanif Uzma, Andleeb Saiqa, Arshad Muhammad, Aftab Muhammad Nauman, Raza Chand, Mubin Muhammad
Microbiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Mol Biol Rep. 2023 May;50(5):3985-3997. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-08334-3. Epub 2023 Feb 25.
With increased urbanization and industrialization, modern life has led to an anthropogenic impact on the biosphere. Heavy metals pollution and pollutants from black liquor (BL) have caused severe effects on environment and living organisms. Bacterial biofilm has potential to remediate heavy metals and remove BL from the environment. Hence, this study was planned to investigate the potential of microbial biofilms for the bioremediation of heavy metals and BL polluted environments.
Eleven biofilm forming bacterial strains (SB1, SB2, SC1, AF1, 5A, BC-1, BC-2, BC-3, BC-4, BC-5 and BC-6) were isolated and identified upto species level via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Biofilm strains belonging to Bacillus and Lysinibacillus sphaericus were used to remediate heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Co). Atomic absorption spectroscopy showed significantly high (P ≤ 0.05) bioremediation potential by L. sphaericus biofilm (1462.0 ± 0.67 µgmL) against zinc (Zn). Similarly, Pseudomonas putida biofilm significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decolourized (65.1%) BL. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of treated heavy metals showed the shifting of major peaks (1637 & 1629-1647, 1633 & 1635-1643, and 1638-1633 cm) corresponding to specific amide groups due to C = O stretching.
The study suggested that biofilm of the microbial flora from tanneries and pulp paper effluents possesses a strong potential for heavy metals bioremediation and BL decolourization. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing promising biofilm remediation potential of bacterial flora of tanneries and pulp-paper effluent from Kasur and Sheikhupura, Punjab, Pakistan, against heavy metals and BL.
随着城市化和工业化进程的加快，现代生活已对生物圈造成了人为影响。重金属污染和黑液中的污染物已对环境和生物造成了严重影响。细菌生物膜具有修复重金属和从环境中去除黑液的潜力。因此，本研究旨在调查微生物生物膜对重金属和黑液污染环境进行生物修复的潜力。
通过16S rRNA基因测序分离并鉴定了11株形成生物膜的细菌菌株（SB1、SB2、SC1、AF1、5A、BC-1、BC-2、BC-3、BC-4、BC-5和BC-6），鉴定到种水平。属于芽孢杆菌属和球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌的生物膜菌株用于修复重金属（铅、镍、锰、锌、铜和钴）。原子吸收光谱法显示，球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌生物膜对锌（Zn）的生物修复潜力显著较高（P≤0.05）（1462.0±0.67μg/mL）。同样，恶臭假单胞菌生物膜使黑液显著脱色（65.1%）（P≤0.05）。对处理后的重金属进行傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）分析表明，由于C=O伸缩，对应特定酰胺基团的主要峰（1637和1629 - 1647、1633和1635 - 1643以及1638 - 1633cm）发生了位移。
该研究表明，制革厂和纸浆造纸废水的微生物菌群生物膜具有很强的重金属生物修复和黑液脱色潜力。据我们所知，这是第一份显示巴基斯坦旁遮普省卡苏尔和谢赫普拉制革厂及纸浆造纸废水的细菌菌群对重金属和黑液具有良好生物膜修复潜力的报告。
