Barrett H R, Streets T M, Tucker J H, Pettaway G T
Department of Psychology, Tennessee State University, Nashville 37203.
Percept Mot Skills. 1987 Aug;65(1):139-46. doi: 10.2466/pms.1987.65.1.139.
This study evaluated the relative effectiveness of two incentive contingencies in learning biofeedback-assisted control of peripheral skin temperature: positive versus positive/negative monetary incentives. Both incentive groups of 10 participated in six sessions, including pre- and posttraining voluntary control sessions, and four intervening sessions with visual feedback and monetary contingencies. Each session consisted of adaptation, resting baseline, feedback or voluntary control, and a final resting baseline. The results indicated no significant difference in response control between groups and an over-all decline in temperature within sessions. Self-control was evidenced by the slower rate of decline in temperature for the first as compared to the last session, and feedback control by the attenuation in the rate of decline in the last three training sessions. Based on data from other physiological responses, these findings are not likely due to habituation effects. It was concluded that response control should not necessarily be defined in terms of increasing temperature but rather by reference to an appropriate comparison condition. Motivational effects should be further investigated with alternative incentive contingencies.
正向货币激励与正负向货币激励。两个由10人组成的激励组都参加了六次训练，包括训练前和训练后的自主控制训练，以及四次有视觉反馈和货币条件的中间训练。每次训练包括适应、静息基线、反馈或自主控制，以及最后的静息基线。结果表明，两组之间在反应控制方面没有显著差异，且在各次训练中温度总体呈下降趋势。自我控制表现为第一次训练与最后一次训练相比温度下降速率较慢，而反馈控制表现为最后三次训练中下降速率的衰减。基于其他生理反应的数据，这些发现不太可能是由于习惯化效应。研究得出结论，反应控制不一定应根据温度升高来定义，而应参考适当的对照条件。应使用替代激励条件进一步研究动机效应。
