Jozsvai E E, Pigeau R A
Defence and Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine, Downsview, Ontario, Canada.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1996 Oct;67(10):963-8.
Motion sickness is characterized by symptoms of vomiting, drowsiness, fatigue and idiosyncratic changes in autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses such as heart rate (HR) and skin temperature (ST). Previous studies found that symptoms of motion sickness are controllable through self-regulation of ANS responses and the best method to teach such control is autogenic-feedback (biofeedback) training. Recent experiments indicated that biofeedback training is ineffective in reducing symptoms of motion sickness or in increasing tolerance to motion.
If biofeedback facilitates learning of ANS self-regulation then autogenic training with true feedback (TFB) should lead to better control over ANS responses and better motion tolerance than autogenic training with false feedback (FFB). If there is a relationship between ANS self-regulation and coping with motion stress, a significant correlation should be found between amounts of control over ANS responses and measures of motion tolerance and/or symptoms of motion sickness.
There were 3 groups of 6 subjects exposed for 6 weeks to weekly sessions of Coriolis stimulation to induce motion sickness. Between the first and second Coriolis sessions, subjects in the experimental groups received five episodes of autogenic training with either true (group TFB) or false (group FFB) feedback on their HR and ST. The control group (CTL) received no treatment.
Subjects learned to control their HR and ST independent of whether they received true or false feedback. Learned control of ST and HR was not related to severity of motion sickness or subject's ability to withstand Coriolis stimulation following treatment.
A lack of significant correlation between these variables suggested that subjects were not able to apply their skills of ANS self-regulation in the motion environment, and/ or such skills had little value in reducing symptoms of motion sickness or enhancing their ability to withstand rotations.
晕动病的特征是出现呕吐、嗜睡、疲劳等症状，以及自主神经系统（ANS）反应如心率（HR）和皮肤温度（ST）的特异变化。先前的研究发现，晕动病症状可通过自主神经系统反应的自我调节来控制，而传授这种控制的最佳方法是自生反馈（生物反馈）训练。最近的实验表明，生物反馈训练在减轻晕动病症状或提高对运动的耐受性方面无效。
如果生物反馈有助于自主神经系统自我调节的学习，那么与假反馈（FFB）的自生训练相比，真反馈（TFB）的自生训练应能更好地控制自主神经系统反应并具有更好的运动耐受性。如果自主神经系统自我调节与应对运动应激之间存在关联，那么在自主神经系统反应的控制量与运动耐受性测量值和/或晕动病症状之间应能发现显著相关性。
将3组，每组6名受试者暴露于科里奥利加速度刺激下6周，每周进行一次以诱发晕动病。在第一次和第二次科里奥利加速度刺激之间，实验组的受试者接受了五次自生训练，分别是关于其心率和皮肤温度的真反馈（TFB组）或假反馈（FFB组）。对照组（CTL）未接受任何治疗。
无论受试者接受的是真反馈还是假反馈，他们都学会了控制自己的心率和皮肤温度。对皮肤温度和心率的习得控制与晕动病的严重程度或治疗后受试者承受科里奥利加速度刺激的能力无关。
这些变量之间缺乏显著相关性表明，受试者无法在运动环境中运用其自主神经系统自我调节技能，和/或此类技能在减轻晕动病症状或增强其承受旋转的能力方面价值不大。
