Saha Soumyadeep, Sachdev Manoj, Mitra Sushanta K
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Micro and Nanoscale Transport Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Biomicrofluidics. 2023 Feb 22;17(1):011502. doi: 10.1063/5.0135525. eCollection 2023 Jan.
Gliomas are the most commonly occurring primary brain tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Currently, the diagnostic and monitoring options for glioma mainly revolve around imaging techniques, which often provide limited information and require supervisory expertise. Liquid biopsy is a great alternative or complementary monitoring protocol that can be implemented along with other standard diagnosis protocols. However, standard detection schemes for sampling and monitoring biomarkers in different biological fluids lack the necessary sensitivity and ability for real-time analysis. Lately, biosensor-based diagnostic and monitoring technology has attracted significant attention due to several advantageous features, including high sensitivity and specificity, high-throughput analysis, minimally invasive, and multiplexing ability. In this review article, we have focused our attention on glioma and presented a literature survey summarizing the diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers associated with glioma. Further, we discussed different biosensory approaches reported to date for the detection of specific glioma biomarkers. Current biosensors demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity, which can be used for point-of-care devices or liquid biopsies. However, for real clinical applications, these biosensors lack high-throughput and multiplexed analysis, which can be achieved via integration with microfluidic systems. We shared our perspective on the current state-of-the-art different biosensor-based diagnostic and monitoring technologies reported and the future research scopes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review focusing on biosensors for glioma detection, and it is anticipated that the review will offer a new pathway for the development of such biosensors and related diagnostic platforms.
胶质瘤是最常见的原发性脑肿瘤，预后差且死亡率高。目前，胶质瘤的诊断和监测方法主要围绕成像技术展开，而这些技术往往提供的信息有限，且需要专业的监督。液体活检是一种很好的替代或补充监测方案，可以与其他标准诊断方案一起实施。然而，用于在不同生物流体中采样和监测生物标志物的标准检测方案缺乏必要的灵敏度和实时分析能力。最近，基于生物传感器的诊断和监测技术因其高灵敏度和特异性、高通量分析、微创和多重分析能力等几个优势特征而备受关注。在这篇综述文章中，我们将注意力集中在胶质瘤上，并进行了文献调查，总结了与胶质瘤相关的诊断、预后和预测生物标志物。此外，我们还讨论了迄今为止报道的用于检测特定胶质瘤生物标志物的不同生物传感方法。目前的生物传感器具有高灵敏度和特异性，可用于即时检测设备或液体活检。然而，对于实际临床应用，这些生物传感器缺乏高通量和多重分析能力，而通过与微流控系统集成可以实现这一点。我们分享了对当前报道的基于不同生物传感器的诊断和监测技术的现状以及未来研究范围的看法。据我们所知，这是第一篇专注于用于胶质瘤检测的生物传感器的综述，预计该综述将为此类生物传感器及相关诊断平台的开发提供一条新途径。
