在尼日利亚一家三级医院的老年 2 型糖尿病患者中，心血管危险因素的流行情况及其与肾功能损害的关系：一项横断面研究。
Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and their association with renal impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria.
出版信息
Pan Afr Med J. 2022 Jul 26;42:233. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.233.35265. eCollection 2022.
INTRODUCTION
the population of elderly with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has been on the increase. The burden of cardiovascular disease and renal impairment may also increase due to the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and ageing in those with T2DM. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and their association with renal impairment in elderly with T2DM were determined.
METHODS
this is a cross-sectional study that involved 96 elderly patients with T2DM and 96 elderly individuals without DM as control. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was determined among the study participants. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the significant cardiovascular factors associated with renal impairment among the elderly with T2DM. P-value <0.05 was taken as significant.
RESULTS
the mean age of the elderly with T2DM and control group were 66.73±5.18 years and 66.78±5.25years, respectively. The male: female ratio was 1: 1 for both groups. The prevalence of the cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly with T2DM and control were; hypertension (72.9%vs39.6%; p ≤0.001), high glycated haemoglobin (77.1% vs 0%; p ≤0.001), generalized obesity (34.4%vs1.0%; p ≤0.001), central obesity (50.0%vs11.5%; p ≤0.001), dyslipidemia (97.9%vs89.6%; p=0.016), albuminuria (69.8% vs 11.2%; p ≤0.001), anaemia (53.1%vs18.8%; p ≤0.001). Renal impairment was present in 44.8% of the elderly T2DM. On multivariate analysis, the cardiovascular risk factors significantly associated with renal impairment in elderly with T2DM were high glycated haemoglobin (aOR: 6.21, 95% CI: 1.61-24.04; p=0.008), albuminuria (aOR: 4.77, 95% CI: 1.59-14.31; p=0.005) and obesity (aOR: 2.78, 95%CI 1.04-7.45; p=0.042).
CONCLUSION
cardiovascular risks factors were highly prevalent and closely associated with renal impairment in elderly with T2DM. Early cardiovascular risk factor modification may reduce both renal and cardiovascular disease burden.
简介
患有 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的老年人口数量一直在增加。由于心血管危险因素与 T2DM 患者的衰老之间存在关系，心血管疾病和肾功能损害的负担也可能增加。本研究旨在确定老年 T2DM 患者心血管危险因素的流行情况及其与肾功能损害的关系。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 96 例老年 T2DM 患者和 96 例老年非糖尿病对照者。确定研究参与者中心血管危险因素的流行情况。采用二元逻辑回归分析确定与老年 T2DM 患者肾功能损害相关的显著心血管因素。P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
T2DM 组和对照组老年患者的平均年龄分别为 66.73±5.18 岁和 66.78±5.25 岁，男女比例均为 1:1。T2DM 组和对照组老年患者的心血管危险因素患病率分别为：高血压（72.9%vs39.6%；p≤0.001）、高糖化血红蛋白（77.1%vs0%；p≤0.001）、全身性肥胖（34.4%vs1.0%；p≤0.001）、中心性肥胖（50.0%vs11.5%；p≤0.001）、血脂异常（97.9%vs89.6%；p=0.016）、白蛋白尿（69.8%vs11.2%；p≤0.001）、贫血（53.1%vs18.8%；p≤0.001）。T2DM 组老年患者中有 44.8%存在肾功能损害。多变量分析显示，与老年 T2DM 患者肾功能损害显著相关的心血管危险因素是高糖化血红蛋白（aOR：6.21，95%CI：1.61-24.04；p=0.008）、白蛋白尿（aOR：4.77，95%CI：1.59-14.31；p=0.005）和肥胖（aOR：2.78，95%CI 1.04-7.45；p=0.042）。
结论
心血管危险因素在老年 T2DM 患者中高度流行，并与肾功能损害密切相关。早期心血管危险因素的改变可能会降低老年 T2DM 患者的肾脏和心血管疾病负担。
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