Szymańska-Czerwińska Monika, Jodełko Agnieszka, Osiński Zbigniew, Niemczuk Krzysztof
Department of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, Puławy, Poland.
Laboratory of Serological Diagnosis, Puławy, Poland.
J Vet Res. 2022 Dec 18;66(4):549-557. doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0070. eCollection 2022 Dec.
The intracellular bacterium is the aetiological agent of Q fever, a zoonosis affecting many animal species worldwide. Cattle and small ruminants are considered the major reservoirs of the bacteria and they shed it through multiple routes.
A total of 2,180 sera samples from 801 cattle herds in all Polish voivodeships were tested by ELISA for the presence of specific antibodies. Milk samples were obtained from seropositive cows in 133 herds as part of a separate study. The milk samples were examined by ELISA and real-time PCR tests.
Seroprevalence at the animal level was 7.06% and true positive seroprevalence was 6.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-9.4). Seroprevalence at the herd level was estimated at 11.1% and true positive seroprevalence was 10.5% (95% CI 3.2-15.8). Shedding of the pathogen in milk was detected by real-time PCR in 33 out of 133 tested herds (24.81%, 95% CI 17.74-33.04%) and the presence of antibodies was confirmed in 85 of them (63.9%, 95% CI 55.13-72.05%). The highest level of conformity between ELISA and real-time PCR results was obtained for bulk tank milk samples.
infections are quite common in cattle herds across the country, which emphasises the crucial roles of surveillance and adequate biosecurity measures in the prevention and limitation of Q fever spread in Poland.
细胞内细菌是Q热的病原体，Q热是一种影响全球许多动物物种的人畜共患病。牛和小型反刍动物被认为是该细菌的主要宿主，它们通过多种途径排出该细菌。
采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测了波兰所有省801个牛群共2180份血清样本中特异性抗体的存在情况。作为另一项单独研究的一部分，从133个牛群的血清阳性奶牛中采集了牛奶样本。对牛奶样本进行了ELISA和实时荧光定量PCR检测。
动物水平的血清阳性率为7.06%，真阳性血清阳性率为6.0%（95%置信区间（CI）1.1 - 9.4）。畜群水平的血清阳性率估计为11.1%，真阳性血清阳性率为10.5%（95%CI 3.2 - 15.8）。在133个检测牛群中，有33个（24.81%，95%CI 17.74 - 33.04%）通过实时荧光定量PCR检测到牛奶中有病原体排出，其中85个（63.9%，95%CI 55.13 - 72.05%）确认存在抗体。对于混合奶罐牛奶样本，ELISA和实时荧光定量PCR结果之间的一致性最高。
感染在全国牛群中相当普遍，这突出了监测和适当的生物安全措施在波兰预防和限制Q热传播中的关键作用。
