Unlusoy Ilke
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, International Center for Livestock Research and Training, Ankara, Turkiye.
Anim Biotechnol. 2023 Dec;34(9):4627-4633. doi: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2176866. Epub 2023 Feb 27.
Semen importing countries are trying to select the most suitable studs according to their breeding goals, while the globally widespread use of common genetic material has been turning the loss of genetic diversity into a possible danger. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of 304 high-yielding Holstein stud bulls whose semen were produced in Turkiye, Europe and the Americas. The values of allele frequencies, expected heterozygosity (He), observed heterozygosity (Ho), Hardy-Weinberg (HW) Equilibrium, the number of alleles per locus (Na), allelic richness (Rs), polymorphic information content (PIC) and F-statistics were calculated and compared the results with similar studies. It was observed that some indicator values of the genetic diversity were decreased compared to the values of the other studies in Holstein breed. Especially the decrease in some values of SPS115 locus was statistically significant. It is thought that this could be as a result of SPS115 to be close to possible QTL regions associated with traits which indicates overall potential of selection in stud bulls. Therefore, while applying a selection program to populations, national genetic resource management strategies that maintain genetic diversity should not be forgotten besides gaining high yield.
精液进口国正试图根据其育种目标挑选最合适的种公牛，然而全球范围内通用遗传材料的广泛使用正使遗传多样性的丧失成为一种潜在风险。本研究的目的是评估304头高产荷斯坦种公牛的遗传多样性，这些种公牛的精液产自土耳其、欧洲和美洲。计算了等位基因频率、期望杂合度（He）、观察杂合度（Ho）、哈迪-温伯格（HW）平衡、每个位点的等位基因数（Na）、等位基因丰富度（Rs）、多态信息含量（PIC）和F统计量的值，并将结果与类似研究进行了比较。结果发现，与其他关于荷斯坦品种的研究相比，遗传多样性的一些指标值有所下降。特别是SPS115位点的一些值下降具有统计学意义。据认为，这可能是由于SPS115接近与种公牛整体选择潜力相关性状的潜在QTL区域。因此，在对种群实施选择计划时，除了获得高产外，不应忘记维持遗传多样性的国家遗传资源管理策略。
