Colegio de Estudios Superiores de Administración-CESA, Bogotá, Colombia.
Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2023 Feb 27;18(2):e0282366. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282366. eCollection 2023.
There is rising interest in Industry 4.0 as a factor in the competitiveness of the organization. Although many companies are aware of the importance of Industry 4.0, the development of such initiatives in Colombia is slow. Consequently, this research investigates the impact of additive technologies as part of the Industry 4.0 concept on operational effectiveness and, therefore, the competitiveness of the organization and tries to establish the factors that hinder the adequate implementation of such new, innovative technologies.
DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the antecedents and outcomes of operational effectiveness. To this end, 946 usable questionnaires were collected from managers and personnel from Colombian organizations.
Initial findings show that management is aware of Industry 4.0 concepts and implements strategies for such initiatives. Nevertheless, neither process innovation nor additive technologies have a significant impact on operational effectiveness and therefore on the competitiveness of the organization.
The implementation of new innovative technologies requires the closure of the digital gap between urban and rural areas and between large and medium and small enterprises. Similarly, the concept of Industry 4.0 as a new, innovative manufacturing concept requires a transversal implementation to increase the competitiveness of the organization.
ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The value of this paper lies in discussing the current technological and human capabilities and strategies that Colombian organizations, as an example of a developing nation, should improve to leverage the benefits of Industry 4.0 to remain competitive. The results are probably generalizable to other regions in developing countries throughout the world.
工业 4.0 作为组织竞争力的一个因素，其受到越来越多的关注。尽管许多公司都意识到工业 4.0 的重要性，但在哥伦比亚，此类倡议的发展较为缓慢。因此，本研究调查了增材技术作为工业 4.0 概念的一部分对运营效率的影响，从而提高组织的竞争力，并试图确定阻碍这些新的创新技术充分实施的因素。
设计/方法/途径：使用结构方程模型来分析运营效率的前因和结果。为此，从哥伦比亚组织的管理人员和人员中收集了 946 份可用的调查问卷。
初步结果表明，管理层意识到工业 4.0 概念并实施了此类计划的战略。然而，无论是流程创新还是增材技术都不会对运营效率产生重大影响，从而也不会对组织的竞争力产生影响。
新的创新技术的实施需要弥合城乡之间以及大、中、小企业之间的数字鸿沟。同样，工业 4.0 作为一种新的创新制造概念，需要进行横向实施，以提高组织的竞争力。
原创性/价值：本文的价值在于讨论了当前技术和人力资源能力以及战略，作为发展中国家的一个范例，哥伦比亚组织应该改进这些能力和战略，以利用工业 4.0 的优势保持竞争力。研究结果可能适用于全球其他发展中国家的其他地区。
