Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Highway Safety Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2023 May;184:107012. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107012. Epub 2023 Feb 26.
Vision Zero (VZ) aims to reduce fatalities and serious injuries from road traffic crashes to zero through a Safe Systems approach. Little is known about the extent of uptake of VZ in the United States (US), or the attributes and functioning of the initiatives. Using a mixed-methods design, our objectives were to describe the status of VZ implementation and characteristics of those initiatives among US municipalities. Websites of all US municipalities with a population of at least 50,000 (n = 788) were searched to identify involvement in VZ. When initiatives were identified, we abstracted information from their website and other published documents, using a comprehensive framework of best practice VZ components. From the VZ initiatives identified, we interviewed representatives from 12 municipalities with diversity by region of the country, population size, and VZ implementation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded for themes. Through systematic web-based searching, we identified 86 of 788 (10.9%) municipalities with a VZ initiative. Among 314 larger municipalities (population >=100,000), 68 (21.7%) were identified. Among 476 medium-size municipalities (population of 50,000-99,999), 18 (3.8%) were identified. VZ initiatives began as early as 2014, starting with larger municipalities, and followed in 2015 with medium-size municipalities. Among the VZ initiatives, 58 (67.4%) recorded a vision statement, with 51 (59.3%) setting a target year to reach zero deaths. Thirty-nine (45.3%) had published VZ plans, with another 22 (25.6%) working towards a plan. Twenty-five initiatives (29.1%) shared resources across stakeholder groups, such as funding or staff. Forty-six initiatives (53.5%) had an established coalition, and 18 (20.9%) proposed or were developing a coalition. Twenty-six initiatives (30.2%) provided regular updates or evaluation on progress towards performance metrics, but only 4 (4.7%) had implemented a performance management system to regularly track progress on VZ-related actions. The interviews provided further context and a more detailed understanding of results. Documenting the characteristics of VZ initiatives among US municipalities can contribute to an understanding of current practice, potential opportunities to support ongoing initiatives, and information to assist new initiatives. Ultimately, the impact of municipal-level VZ efforts should be evaluated with regards to traffic-related serious injuries and fatalities.
零愿景（VZ）旨在通过安全系统方法将道路交通碰撞造成的死亡和重伤人数减少到零。人们对 VZ 在美国的采用程度或倡议的属性和功能知之甚少。本研究采用混合方法设计，旨在描述美国市实施 VZ 的现状和特征。搜索了所有人口至少为 50,000 的美国市的网站，以确定其参与 VZ 的情况。当确定倡议时，我们从网站和其他已发布的文件中提取信息，使用全面的最佳实践 VZ 组件框架。从确定的 VZ 倡议中，我们采访了来自 12 个市的代表，这些市在国家的不同地区、人口规模和 VZ 实施方面具有多样性。采访进行了录音、转录和主题编码。通过系统的网络搜索，我们在 788 个市中确定了 86 个有 VZ 倡议的市。在 314 个较大的市（人口>=100,000）中，有 68 个市（21.7%）。在 476 个中等规模的市（人口 50,000-99,999）中，有 18 个市（3.8%）。VZ 倡议最早于 2014 年开始，由较大的市牵头，随后在 2015 年由中等规模的市跟进。在 VZ 倡议中，有 58 个（67.4%）记录了愿景声明，有 51 个（59.3%）设定了实现零死亡的目标年份。有 39 个（45.3%）发布了 VZ 计划，另有 22 个（25.6%）正在制定计划。有 25 个倡议（29.1%）在利益相关者群体之间共享资源，例如资金或人员。有 46 个倡议（53.5%）有一个既定的联盟，有 18 个（20.9%）提出或正在组建一个联盟。有 26 个倡议（30.2%）定期提供有关绩效指标进展情况的更新或评估，但只有 4 个（4.7%）实施了绩效管理系统来定期跟踪与 VZ 相关行动的进展情况。访谈提供了进一步的背景信息和更详细的结果理解。记录美国市 VZ 倡议的特征有助于了解当前的实践情况、支持现有倡议的潜在机会以及协助新倡议的信息。最终，应该根据与交通相关的严重伤害和死亡情况来评估市级 VZ 努力的影响。
