Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
Doctoral School of International Relations and Political Science, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary.
Public Health. 2023 Apr;217:33-40. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.01.014. Epub 2023 Jan 23.
Prior research highlights the role of efficacy, vaccine safety, and availability in vaccine hesitancy. Research is needed to better understand the political driving forces behind COVID-19 vaccine uptake. We examine the effects of the origin of a vaccine, and approval status within the EU on vaccine choice. We also test if these effects differ by party affiliation among Hungarians.
We use a conjoint experimental design to assess multiple causal relationships. Respondents choose between two hypothetical vaccine profiles randomly generated from 10 attributes. The data were gathered from an online panel in September 2022. We applied a quota for vaccination status and party preference. Three hundred twenty-four respondents evaluated 3888 randomly generated vaccine profiles.
We analyse the data using an OLS estimator with standard errors clustered by respondents. To further nuance our results, we test for task, profile, and treatment heterogeneity effects.
By origin, respondents prefer German (MM 0.55; 95% CI 0.52-0.58) and Hungarian (0.55; 0.52-0.59) vaccines over US (0.49; 0.45-0.52) and Chinese vaccines (0.44; 0.41-0.47). By approval status, vaccines approved by the EU (0.55, 0.52-0.57) or pending authorization (0.5, 0.48-0.53) are preferred over unauthorised ones (0.45, 0.43-0.47). Both effects are conditional on party affiliation. Government voters especially prefer Hungarian vaccines (0.6; 0.55-0.65) over others.
The complexity of vaccination decisions calls for the usage of information shortcuts. Our findings demonstrate a strong political component that motivates vaccine choice. We demonstrate that politics and ideology have broken into fields of individual-level decisions such as health.
先前的研究强调了疗效、疫苗安全性和可及性在疫苗犹豫中的作用。需要研究更好地了解 COVID-19 疫苗接种背后的政治驱动因素。我们研究了疫苗的起源和在欧盟的批准状态对疫苗选择的影响。我们还测试了这些影响是否因匈牙利人的党派关系而不同。
我们使用联合实验设计来评估多种因果关系。受访者从 10 个属性中随机生成的两个假设疫苗特征中进行选择。数据是 2022 年 9 月从在线小组中收集的。我们对疫苗接种状况和党派偏好进行了配额限制。324 名受访者评估了 3888 个随机生成的疫苗特征。
我们使用 OLS 估计器和按受访者聚类的标准误差来分析数据。为了进一步细化我们的结果，我们测试了任务、特征和处理异质性的影响。
按起源划分，受访者更喜欢德国（MM0.55；95%CI0.52-0.58）和匈牙利（0.55；0.52-0.59）疫苗，而不是美国（0.49；0.45-0.52）和中国疫苗（0.44；0.41-0.47）。按批准状态，欧盟批准（0.55，0.52-0.57）或待授权（0.5，0.48-0.53）的疫苗优于未授权的疫苗（0.45，0.43-0.47）。这两种效果都取决于党派关系。政府选民特别喜欢匈牙利疫苗（0.6；0.55-0.65）。
接种决策的复杂性需要使用信息捷径。我们的研究结果表明，有一个强烈的政治因素推动了疫苗选择。我们表明，政治和意识形态已经进入个人决策领域，如健康。
