The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia.
Center for One Health Research, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023 Feb 27;108(4):755-767. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0346. Print 2023 Apr 5.
Metropolitan Santo Domingo has accounted for a majority of reported malaria cases in the Dominican Republic in recent years. To inform malaria control and elimination efforts, a cross-sectional survey of malaria knowledge, attitudes, and practices collected 489 adult household-level questionnaires across 20 neighborhoods in the city's two main transmission foci, Los Tres Brazos (n = 286) and La Ciénaga (n = 203), in December 2020. Overall, most residents (69%) were aware of the problem of malaria in Santo Domingo, but less than half knew that mosquitos transmit the disease (46%) or took any correct preventative measure (45%). More residents of Los Tres Brazos, where malaria incidence is higher than in La Ciénaga, said that they had never been visited by active surveillance teams (80% versus 66%, respectively; P = 0.001), did not link mosquitos with malaria transmission (59% versus 48%, P = 0.013), and did not know medication can cure malaria (42% versus 27%, P = 0.005). Fewer residents of Los Tres Brazos said that malaria was a problem in their neighborhoods (43% versus 49%, P = 0.021) and fewer had mosquito bed nets in their homes (42% versus 60%, P < 0.001). The majority (75%) of questionnaire respondents in both foci did not have enough mosquito nets for all household residents. These findings demonstrate gaps in malaria knowledge and community-based interventions and highlight the need to improve community engagement for malaria elimination in affected areas of Santo Domingo.
圣多明各大都市区近年来在多米尼加共和国报告的疟疾病例中占多数。为了为疟疾控制和消除工作提供信息，我们在 2020 年 12 月对该市两个主要传播中心（洛斯特雷斯布拉斯（n = 286）和拉西恩加（n = 203））的 20 个街区进行了一项疟疾知识、态度和做法的横断面调查，共收集了 489 份成年家庭层面的问卷。总体而言，大多数居民（69%）意识到圣多明各的疟疾问题，但不到一半的人知道蚊子传播这种疾病（46%）或采取任何正确的预防措施（45%）。在疟疾发病率高于拉西恩加的洛斯特雷斯布拉斯，更多的居民表示，他们从未被主动监测小组访问过（分别为 80%和 66%；P = 0.001），不认为蚊子与疟疾传播有关（59%和 48%，P = 0.013），也不知道药物可以治愈疟疾（42%和 27%，P = 0.005）。洛斯特雷斯布拉斯的居民表示疟疾是他们社区的一个问题的比例较低（分别为 43%和 49%，P = 0.021），家中有蚊帐的比例也较低（分别为 42%和 60%，P < 0.001）。两个中心的大多数（75%）问卷受访者家中没有足够的蚊帐供所有居民使用。这些发现表明在疟疾知识和以社区为基础的干预措施方面存在差距，并强调需要改善受影响地区的社区参与，以实现疟疾消除。
