Sayyed Shahzad Ahmad, Sharkas Ahmed Reda, Ali Sherazi Bushra, Dabidian Armin, Schwender Holger, Laeer Stephanie
Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jan 31;11(2):324. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11020324.
Recently, pharmacists in Germany were allowed to administer influenza and COVID-19 vaccines for people aged 12 years and older in order to increase vaccination coverage rates. In order to adapt the pharmacy curriculum for clinical practice, an innovative, vaccination training course using a high-fidelity simulator (HFS) was developed, implementing clinical scenarios to manage adverse events. In a randomized controlled trial using a pre and post design with pharmacy undergraduates, the intervention group interacted with an HFS, while the control group was trained with low-fidelity injection pads. Before and after the respective training, each participant went through an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) and completed a self-assessment questionnaire and knowledge quiz. Both training methods showed a significant increase in skills, but there was also a significant greater increase in the intervention group when compared to the control group, particularly with respect to the vaccination process. Furthermore, every individual in the intervention group improved from the pre- to post-training OSCEs. Therefore, HFS has been proven to be an appropriate tool to train pharmacy students for the purposes of vaccine administration and to prepare for future challenges. Particularly, recognizing and managing adverse reactions can be addressed in a very effective way.
最近，德国的药剂师被允许为12岁及以上人群接种流感疫苗和新冠疫苗，以提高疫苗接种覆盖率。为了使药学课程适应临床实践，开发了一种创新的、使用高保真模拟器（HFS）的疫苗接种培训课程，实施管理不良事件的临床场景。在一项针对药学本科生的采用前后设计的随机对照试验中，干预组与高保真模拟器互动，而对照组使用低保真注射垫进行培训。在各自的培训前后，每位参与者都要进行客观结构化临床考试（OSCE），并完成一份自我评估问卷和知识测验。两种培训方法都显示技能有显著提高，但与对照组相比，干预组的提高也显著更大，特别是在疫苗接种过程方面。此外，干预组的每个人在培训前到培训后的客观结构化临床考试中都有进步。因此，高保真模拟器已被证明是培训药学专业学生进行疫苗接种以及为未来挑战做准备的合适工具。特别是，识别和处理不良反应可以以非常有效的方式进行。
