Gupta Sneh Lata, Tyagi Rohit, Dhar Atika, Oswal Neelam, Khandelwal Ankita, Jaiswal Rishi Kumar
National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Feb 12;11(2):418. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11020418.
SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus, causes respiratory tract infections and other complications in affected individuals, and has resulted in numerous deaths worldwide. The unprecedented pace of its transmission worldwide, and the resultant heavy burden on healthcare systems everywhere, prompted efforts to have effective therapeutic strategies and vaccination candidates available to the global population. While aged and immunocompromised individuals form a high-risk group for COVID-19 and have severe disease outcome, the rate of infections among children has also increased with the emergence of the Omicron variant. In addition, recent reports of threatening SARS-CoV-2-associated complications in children have brought to the forefront an urgent necessity for vaccination. In this article, we discuss the current scenario of SARS-CoV-2 infections in children with a special focus on the differences in their immune system response as compared to adults. Further, we describe the various available COVID-19 vaccines, including the recent bivalent vaccines for children, in detail, intending to increase willingness for their acceptance.
新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2可导致感染者出现呼吸道感染及其他并发症，并已在全球造成众多死亡病例。其在全球范围内前所未有的传播速度，以及由此给各地医疗系统带来的沉重负担，促使人们努力为全球人口提供有效的治疗策略和候选疫苗。虽然老年人和免疫功能低下的个体是COVID-19的高危人群，且疾病预后严重，但随着奥密克戎变异株的出现，儿童感染率也有所上升。此外，近期有关儿童出现威胁生命的SARS-CoV-2相关并发症的报道，凸显了疫苗接种的迫切必要性。在本文中，我们将讨论儿童SARS-CoV-2感染的现状，特别关注其免疫系统反应与成人相比的差异。此外，我们还将详细描述各种可用的COVID-19疫苗，包括最近用于儿童的二价疫苗，旨在提高人们对这些疫苗的接受意愿。
