Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany.
German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck, 22297 Hamburg, Germany.
Viruses. 2023 Feb 9;15(2):478. doi: 10.3390/v15020478.
Humanized mouse models have been widely used in virology, immunology, and oncology in the last decade. With advances in the generation of knockout mouse strains, it is now possible to generate animals in which human immune cells or human tissue can be engrafted. These models have been used for the study of human infectious diseases, cancers, and autoimmune diseases. In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of humanized mice to model human-specific viral infections. A human immune system in these models is crucial to understand the pathogenesis observed in human patients, which allows for better treatment design and vaccine development. Recent advances in our knowledge about viral pathogenicity and immune response using NSG and NRG mice are reviewed in this paper.
在过去的十年中，人源化小鼠模型已广泛应用于病毒学、免疫学和肿瘤学领域。随着基因敲除小鼠品系的发展，现在已经可以生成能够移植人免疫细胞或人组织的动物。这些模型已被用于研究人类传染病、癌症和自身免疫性疾病。近年来，人源化小鼠在模拟人类特异性病毒感染方面的应用有所增加。在这些模型中，人类免疫系统对于理解人类患者中观察到的发病机制至关重要，这有助于更好的治疗设计和疫苗开发。本文综述了使用 NSG 和 NRG 小鼠在病毒发病机制和免疫反应方面的最新进展。
