National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; email:
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2023 May 22;74:569-607. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-061722-090342. Epub 2023 Feb 28.
Plant roots associate with diverse microbes (including bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, and viruses) collectively called the root-associated microbiome. Among them, mycorrhizal fungi colonize host roots and improve their access to nutrients, usually phosphorus and nitrogen. In exchange, plants deliver photosynthetic carbon to the colonizing fungi. This nutrient exchange affects key soil processes, the carbon cycle, and plant health and therefore has a strong influence on the plant and microbe ecosystems. The framework of nutrient exchange and regulation between host plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi has recently been established. The local and systemic regulation of mycorrhizal symbiosis by plant nutrient status and the autoregulation of mycorrhizae are strategies by which plants maintain a stabilizing free-market symbiosis. A better understanding of the synergistic effects between mycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhizosphere microorganisms is an essential precondition for their use as biofertilizers and bioprotectors for sustainable agriculture and forestry management.
植物根系与多种微生物（包括细菌、真菌、古菌、原生生物和病毒）形成共生关系，这些微生物统称为根系相关微生物组。其中，菌根真菌定植在宿主根系上，改善宿主对养分的获取，特别是磷和氮。作为交换，植物将光合作用产生的碳输送给定植真菌。这种养分交换影响关键的土壤过程、碳循环以及植物健康，因此对植物和微生物生态系统具有强烈影响。宿主植物与丛枝菌根真菌之间养分交换和调节的框架最近已经建立。植物养分状况对菌根共生的局部和系统调节以及菌根的自我调节是植物维持稳定自由市场共生的策略。更好地理解菌根真菌与菌根土壤微生物之间的协同作用是将其作为生物肥料和生物保护剂用于可持续农业和林业管理的重要前提条件。
