Rosén M, Wall S, Hanning M, Lindberg G, Nyström L
SPRI, Swedish Planning and Rationalization Institute for Health and Social Services.
Scand J Soc Med. 1987;15(4):233-40. doi: 10.1177/140349488701500405.
Smoking habits among different occupational groups in Sweden were estimated from nation wide surveys of living conditions in 1977 and 1980/81. These surveys were conducted by Statistics Sweden and consist of interviews covering the Swedish population aged 16-74 years. The sample includes about 12,000 persons for each of the two investigations. The results show that those who may be exposed to excess risks in their work environment, smoke more than those in other occupational groups. Transport and manufacturing workers, miners, wood and paper workers and painters, for example, have higher rates of daily smokers than the national average. The highest rates, however, were found among the category of early retired or unemployed. These findings confirm that an appropriate evaluation of occupationally-related diseases affected by smoking must take smoking data into consideration. If smoking data are available from other sources, adjusted work-related risks could be calculated. This presumes the absence of interaction effects. Procedures are given and illustrated. The paper also discusses the declining trends in smoking habits between 1977 and 1980/81 and possible reasons for differences in smoking habits between occupations.
瑞典不同职业群体的吸烟习惯是根据1977年以及1980/81年全国生活状况调查估算得出的。这些调查由瑞典统计局开展，包括对16至74岁瑞典人口的访谈。两项调查的样本各约12000人。结果显示，那些在工作环境中可能面临额外风险的人比其他职业群体吸烟更多。例如，运输和制造业工人、矿工、木材和造纸工人以及油漆工的每日吸烟率高于全国平均水平。然而，吸烟率最高的是提前退休或失业人群。这些发现证实，对受吸烟影响的职业相关疾病进行适当评估时必须考虑吸烟数据。如果能从其他来源获取吸烟数据，就可以计算出经调整的与工作相关的风险。这假定不存在交互作用。文中给出并说明了相关程序。本文还讨论了1977年至1980/81年间吸烟习惯的下降趋势以及不同职业吸烟习惯存在差异的可能原因。
