Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Peru.
Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Filial Ica, Ica, Peru.
Hum Resour Health. 2023 Mar 1;21(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s12960-023-00805-9.
This study aims to describe the training offered and the availability of professionals required by the Ministry of Health for mental health problems management in the community.
A cross-sectional study was carried out on the training offered in mental health in Peruvian universities. A search for programs was conducted using the University Information System database and universities' websites, as well as using the Ministry of Health's database on health personnel and data on the number of enrolled and current students provided by the University Information System database and the Transparency section of the universities.
There were 214 undergraduate, 55 specialty and 7 subspecialty programmes, of which 39%, 47% and 100%, respectively, were offered in the capital city. The duration ranged from 5 to 7 years for undergraduate programs and from 1 to 3 years for subspecialty and second specialty programs. The cost of undergraduate programs ranged from free of charge up to USD 6863.75 for the first semester of study. Second specialty programs ranged from 720 up to 11 986 USD and subspecialty programs ranged from 2267 up to 9138 USD, with medicine being the most expensive. On the other hand, there are a greater number of psychology students (n = 78 781) pursuing undergraduate studies than working professionals (n = 5368), while in the second specialty of psychiatry there are far fewer students pursuing the specialty (n = 67) than working professionals (n = 454).
The problem of professional training in mental health requires that the institutions involved in health and education develop policies to decentralize programs, communicate the demand for professionals in certain areas, make them accessible to the low-income population, respond to mental health problems and guarantee their quality. On the other hand, regarding the low number of mental health personnel working, it is suggested to increase the mental health budget to generate more mental health services and employment.
本研究旨在描述卫生部为社区精神卫生问题管理提供的培训以及所需专业人员的配置情况。
对秘鲁大学开展的精神卫生培训进行了横断面研究。使用大学信息系统数据库和大学网站对项目进行了搜索，还使用了卫生部卫生人员数据库以及大学信息系统数据库的注册和在校学生人数数据和各大学透明度部分的数据。
共有 214 个本科、55 个专科和 7 个亚专科项目，其中 39%、47%和 100%分别在首都开设。本科课程的持续时间为 5 至 7 年，专科和第二专科课程的持续时间为 1 至 3 年。本科课程的费用从免费到第一学期 6863.75 美元不等。第二专科课程的费用从 720 美元到 11986 美元不等，亚专科课程的费用从 2267 美元到 9138 美元不等，其中医学专业最贵。另一方面，攻读本科的心理学专业学生（n=78781）多于在职专业人员（n=5368），而精神病学第二专科专业的学生（n=67）远少于在职专业人员（n=454）。
精神卫生专业培训方面存在问题，需要卫生和教育机构制定政策，使项目分散化，传达某些领域对专业人员的需求，使他们能够接触到低收入人群，应对精神卫生问题并保证其质量。另一方面，考虑到从事精神卫生工作的人员数量较少，建议增加精神卫生预算，以产生更多的精神卫生服务和就业机会。
