Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Seika, Japan.
Graduate School of Engineering Division of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 1;13(1):3476. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-29722-6.
Are leaders made or born? Leader-follower roles have been well characterized in social science, but they remain somewhat obscure in sensory-motor coordination. Furthermore, it is unknown how and why leader-follower relationships are acquired, including innate versus acquired controversies. We developed a novel asymmetrical coordination task in which two participants (dyad) need to collaborate in transporting a simulated beam while maintaining its horizontal attitude. This experimental paradigm was implemented by twin robotic manipulanda, simulated beam dynamics, haptic interactions, and a projection screen. Clear leader-follower relationships were learned only when strong haptic feedback was introduced. This phenomenon occurred despite participants not being informed that they were interacting with each other and the large number of equally-valid alternative dyadic coordination strategies. We demonstrate the emergence of consistent leader-follower relationships in sensory-motor coordination, and further show that haptic interaction is essential for dyadic co-adaptation. These results provide insights into neural mechanisms responsible for the formation of leader-follower relationships in our society.
领导者是天生的还是后天造就的？领导者-追随者的角色在社会科学中已经得到了很好的描述，但在感觉运动协调中仍然有些模糊。此外，人们还不知道领导者-追随者关系是如何以及为什么被获得的，包括先天与后天的争议。我们开发了一种新的非对称协调任务，其中两个参与者（二人组）需要在保持模拟梁的水平姿态的同时协作运输它。这个实验范式通过双机器人操纵器、模拟梁动力学、触觉交互和投影屏幕来实现。只有当引入强烈的触觉反馈时，才会学习到清晰的领导者-追随者关系。尽管参与者不知道他们在相互交互，并且有大量同样有效的替代二元协调策略，但这种现象还是发生了。我们展示了在感觉运动协调中一致的领导者-追随者关系的出现，并进一步表明触觉交互对于二元共同适应是必不可少的。这些结果为我们社会中领导者-追随者关系形成的神经机制提供了见解。
