School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA.
Nature. 2023 Mar;615(7951):280-284. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-05760-y. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
Phytoplankton blooms in coastal oceans can be beneficial to coastal fisheries production and ecosystem function, but can also cause major environmental problems-yet detailed characterizations of bloom incidence and distribution are not available worldwide. Here we map daily marine coastal algal blooms between 2003 and 2020 using global satellite observations at 1-km spatial resolution. We found that algal blooms occurred in 126 out of the 153 coastal countries examined. Globally, the spatial extent (+13.2%) and frequency (+59.2%) of blooms increased significantly (P < 0.05) over the study period, whereas blooms weakened in tropical and subtropical areas of the Northern Hemisphere. We documented the relationship between the bloom trends and ocean circulation, and identified the stimulatory effects of recent increases in sea surface temperature. Our compilation of daily mapped coastal phytoplankton blooms provides the basis for global assessments of bloom risks and benefits, and for the formulation or evaluation of management or policy actions.
近海浮游植物水华的出现，可能有利于沿海渔业生产和生态系统功能，但也可能会引发重大环境问题——然而，目前全球范围内仍缺乏对水华发生和分布的详细描述。在这里，我们利用全球卫星观测数据（空间分辨率为 1 公里），对 2003 年至 2020 年期间的海洋沿海藻类水华进行了每日制图。我们发现，在所研究的 153 个沿海国家中，有 126 个国家出现了水华。在全球范围内，水华的空间范围（增加了 13.2%）和频率（增加了 59.2%）在研究期间显著增加（P < 0.05），而在北半球的热带和亚热带地区，水华的强度有所减弱。我们记录了水华趋势与海洋环流之间的关系，并确定了最近海表温度升高的刺激作用。我们对每日绘制的沿海浮游植物水华进行了汇编，为全球范围内评估水华风险和效益提供了基础，并为制定或评估管理或政策行动提供了依据。
