Hassan Aamina, Ahmed Imtiaz, Wani Gohar Bilal
Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, 190006, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Faculty of Fisheries, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Rangil, 191201, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Aquac Nutr. 2022 Sep 14;2022:8446092. doi: 10.1155/2022/8446092. eCollection 2022.
Vitamin A requirement in fingerling common carp, var. (1.64 ± 0.02 g; ABW ± SD), was evaluated by conducting a 10 week growth experiment. Casein-gelatin-based test diets representing six graded levels of vitamin A (0, 0.03, 0.07, 0.11, 0.15, and 0.19 g/kg, dry diet) were designed and fed to the triplicate group of fish at 08:00 and 16:00 hrs at the rate of 4% body weight per day. Growth parameters like live weight gain (LWG %), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), specific growth rate (SGR), and body protein deposition (BPD) improved significantly ( < 0.05) with each elevated dietary vitamin A level and found maximum growth rate along with the best- FCR at 0.11 g/kg diet. Dietary vitamin A levels also significantly ( < 0.05) affected haematological parameters of the fish. Highest haemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte count (RBC), haematocrit content (Hct %), and lowest leucocyte count (WBC) were observed at 0.11 g/kg vitamin A fed diet compared to all the diets. Highest protein and lowest fat content were observed in the group of fingerlings fed with 0.11 g/kg vitamin A containing diet. Blood and serum profile also showed some significant ( < 0.05) differences with elevating concentration of dietary vitamin A levels. Serum parameters like aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and cholesterol values decreased significantly ( < 0.05) at 0.11 g/kg vitamin A fed diet compared to control diet. However, except albumin the other electrolytes improved significantly ( < 0.05) and maximal values of these parameters were also evident at 0.11 g/kg of vitamin A fed diet. Better value of TBARS was found in the group that fed 0.11 g/kg vitamin A diet. Hepatosomatic index and condition factor improved significantly ( < 0.05) with fish fed at optimal dose 0.11 g/kg of vitamin A diet. Based on quadratic regression analysis of LWG%, FCR, BPD, Hb, and calcium values of var. against the varying levels of dietary vitamin A, an optimum growth, best FCR, higher BPD, Hb, and Ca values lie in the range of 0.10 to 0.12 g/kg diet, respectively. The data generated during this study would be important in developing vitamin A balanced feed for successful intensive culture of var.
通过进行为期10周的生长实验，评估了平均体重（1.64±0.02克；平均体重±标准差）的鲤鱼幼鱼对维生素A的需求量。设计了以酪蛋白-明胶为基础、代表六个分级水平维生素A（0、0.03、0.07、0.11、0.15和0.19克/千克，干饲料）的试验饲料，并以每天4%体重的投喂量，在08:00和16:00投喂给每组三条重复的鱼。随着饲料中维生素A水平的升高，活体重增加率（LWG%）、饲料转化率（FCR）、蛋白质效率比（PER）、特定生长率（SGR）和体蛋白沉积（BPD）等生长参数显著改善（P<0.05），并且在饲料中维生素A水平为0.11克/千克时，生长率最高，FCR最佳。饲料中维生素A水平也显著（P<0.05）影响了鱼的血液学参数。与所有饲料相比，在投喂0.11克/千克维生素A饲料的组中，观察到最高的血红蛋白（Hb）、红细胞计数（RBC）、血细胞比容含量（Hct%）和最低的白细胞计数（WBC）。在投喂含0.11克/千克维生素A饲料的幼鱼组中，观察到最高的蛋白质含量和最低的脂肪含量。血液和血清指标也随着饲料中维生素A水平浓度的升高呈现出一些显著（P<0.05）差异。与对照饲料相比，在投喂0.11克/千克维生素A饲料时，血清参数如天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）和胆固醇值显著降低（P<0.05）。然而，除白蛋白外，其他电解质显著改善（P<0.05），并且这些参数的最大值在投喂0.11克/千克维生素A饲料时也很明显。在投喂0.11克/千克维生素A饲料的组中，丙二醛（TBARS）值更好。肝脏体指数和肥满度在投喂最佳剂量0.11克/千克维生素A饲料时显著改善（P<0.05）。基于对鲤鱼幼鱼LWG%、FCR、BPD、Hb和钙值与不同饲料维生素A水平的二次回归分析，最佳生长、最佳FCR、更高的BPD、Hb和钙值分别处于0.10至0.12克/千克饲料范围内。本研究期间产生的数据对于开发维生素A平衡饲料以成功集约化养殖鲤鱼幼鱼具有重要意义。
