Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Prev Sci. 2024 Feb;25(2):279-290. doi: 10.1007/s11121-023-01512-6. Epub 2023 Mar 2.
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted deep-rooted health disparities, particularly among Latinx immigrants living on the Mexico-US border. This article investigates differences between populations and adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. This study investigated whether there are differences between Latinx recent immigrants, non-Latinx Whites, and English-speaking Latinx in their attitudes and adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. Data came from 302 participants who received a free COVID-19 test at one of the project sites between March and July 2021. Participants lived in communities with poorer access to COVID-19 testing. Choosing to complete the baseline survey in Spanish was a proxy for being a recent immigrant. Survey measures included the PhenX Toolkit, COVID-19 mitigating behaviors, attitudes toward COVID-19 risk behaviors and mask wearing, and economic challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. With multiple imputation, ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was used to analyze between-group differences in mitigating attitudes and behaviors toward COVID-19 risk. Adjusted OLS regression analyses showed that Latinx surveyed in Spanish perceived COVID-19 risk behaviors as more unsafe (b = 0.38, p = .001) and had stronger positive attitudes toward mask wearing (b = 0.58, p = .016), as compared to non-Latinx Whites. No significant differences emerged between Latinx surveyed in English and non-Latinx Whites (p > .05). Despite facing major structural, economic, and systemic disadvantages, recent Latinx immigrants showed more positive attitudes toward public health COVID-19 mitigating measures than other groups. The findings have implications for future prevention research about community resilience, practice, and policy.
标题：新冠疫情凸显了深层次的健康差异，尤其是在居住于美墨边境的拉丁裔移民中
摘要：本文调查了人口差异与新冠预防措施遵循情况之间的关系。本研究调查了拉丁裔新移民、非拉丁裔白人以及讲英语的拉丁裔在对新冠预防措施的态度和遵循情况方面是否存在差异。数据来自 2021 年 3 月至 7 月期间在项目点之一接受免费新冠检测的 302 名参与者。参与者居住在获取新冠检测服务较差的社区。选择用西班牙语完成基线调查是作为新移民的一个代表。调查措施包括 PhenX 工具包、新冠缓解行为、对新冠风险行为和戴口罩的态度，以及新冠疫情期间的经济挑战。采用多重插补，使用普通最小二乘法（OLS）回归分析组间在新冠风险缓解态度和行为方面的差异。调整后的 OLS 回归分析显示，用西班牙语接受调查的拉丁裔认为新冠风险行为更不安全（b=0.38，p=0.001），并且对戴口罩的态度更为积极（b=0.58，p=0.016），与非拉丁裔白人相比。用英语接受调查的拉丁裔与非拉丁裔白人之间没有出现显著差异（p>0.05）。尽管面临重大的结构性、经济和系统性劣势，拉丁裔新移民对公共卫生新冠缓解措施表现出更为积极的态度。这些发现对未来关于社区韧性、实践和政策的预防研究具有启示意义。
