College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Evonik Operations GmbH, Hanau-Wolfgang 63457, Germany.
Poult Sci. 2023 Apr;102(4):102557. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102557. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
Coccidia vaccination is a common practice in the poultry industry. However, research is lacking regarding the optimal nutritional support for coccidia vaccinated broilers. In this study, broilers were vaccinated with coccidia oocyst at hatch and were fed with a common starter diet from 1 to 10 d. On d 11, the broilers were randomly assigned to groups in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement. Briefly, the broilers were fed one of four diets containing 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0% of standardized ileal digestible methionine plus cysteine (SID M+C), respectively, from 11 to 21 d. On d 14, the broilers from each diet group were orally gavaged with either PBS (Mock challenge) or Eimeria oocysts. Compared to PBS-gavaged broilers and regardless of dietary SID M+C levels, the Eimeria-gavaged broilers had 1) decreased gain-to-feed ratio (15-21 d, P = 0.002; 11-21 d, P = 0.011); 2) increased fecal oocysts (P < 0.001); 3) increased plasma anti-Eimeria IgY (P = 0.033); and 4) increased intestinal luminal interleukin-10 (IL-10; duodenum, P = 0.039; jejunum, P = 0.018) and gamma interferon (IFN-γ; duodenum, P < 0.001; jejunum, P = 0.017). Regardless of Eimeria gavage, broilers fed 0.6% SID M+C had decreased (P<0.001) body weight gain (15-21 and 11-21 d) and gain-to-feed ratio (11-14, 15-21, and 11-21 d) when compared to those fed ≥ 0.8% SID M+C. Eimeria challenge increased (P < 0.001) duodenum lesions when the broilers were fed with 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0% SID M+C, and increased (P = 0.014) mid-intestine lesions when the broilers were fed with 0.6 and 1.0% SID M+C. An interaction between the two experimental factors was detected on plasma anti-Eimeria IgY titers (P = 0.022), as coccidiosis challenge increased plasma anti-Eimeria IgY titers only when the broilers were fed with 0.9% SID M+C. In summary, the dietary SID M+C requirement for grower (11-21 d) broilers vaccinated with coccidiosis was ranged from 0.8 to 1.0% for optimal growth performance and intestinal immunity, regardless of coccidiosis challenge.
球虫疫苗接种在禽类养殖中是一种常见做法。然而，关于球虫疫苗接种肉鸡的最佳营养支持的研究还很缺乏。在这项研究中，雏鸡在孵化时接种球虫卵囊，并在 1 至 10 日龄期间喂食普通起始饲料。在第 11 天，雏鸡被随机分配到 4×2 析因设计的组中。简而言之，在 11 至 21 日龄期间，雏鸡分别喂食四种含有 0.6、0.8、0.9 和 1.0%标准化回肠可消化蛋氨酸加半胱氨酸（SID M+C）的日粮之一。在第 14 天，每个日粮组的雏鸡分别通过口服灌胃 PBS（模拟挑战）或艾美耳球虫卵囊。与 PBS 灌胃的雏鸡相比，无论日粮 SID M+C 水平如何，艾美耳球虫灌胃的雏鸡都表现出：1）生长性能下降（15-21 日龄，P=0.002；11-21 日龄，P=0.011）；2）粪便卵囊增多（P<0.001）；3）血浆抗艾美耳球虫 IgY 增加（P=0.033）；4）肠道腔室白细胞介素-10（IL-10；十二指肠，P=0.039；空肠，P=0.018）和伽马干扰素（IFN-γ；十二指肠，P<0.001；空肠，P=0.017）增加。无论是否进行艾美耳球虫灌胃，与喂食≥0.8% SID M+C 的雏鸡相比，喂食 0.6% SID M+C 的雏鸡体重增加（15-21 和 11-21 日龄）和生长性能（11-14、15-21 和 11-21 日龄）均下降（P<0.001）。艾美耳球虫挑战增加了（P<0.001）雏鸡十二指肠病变，当雏鸡喂食 0.6、0.8 和 1.0% SID M+C 时，增加了（P=0.014）雏鸡中肠病变。在血浆抗艾美耳球虫 IgY 滴度方面检测到两个实验因素之间的相互作用（P=0.022），因为当雏鸡喂食 0.9% SID M+C 时，球虫病挑战会增加血浆抗艾美耳球虫 IgY 滴度。总之，接种球虫疫苗的肉鸡（11-21 日龄）的日粮 SID M+C 需求量为 0.8%至 1.0%，以获得最佳生长性能和肠道免疫力，无论是否存在球虫病挑战。
