The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Dermatology and Venereology Section, University Teaching Hospitals, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, P.O. Box 50110, Zambia.
Tumour Virus Res. 2023 Jun;15:200259. doi: 10.1016/j.tvr.2023.200259. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) is a heterogenous, multifocal vascular malignancy caused by the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), also known as Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV). Here, we show that KS lesions express iNOS/NOS2 broadly throughout KS lesions, with enrichment in LANA positive spindle cells. The iNOS byproduct 3-nitrotyrosine is also enriched in LANA positive tumor cells and colocalizes with a fraction of LANA-nuclear bodies. We show that iNOS is highly expressed in the L1T3/mSLK tumor model of KS. iNOS expression correlated with KSHV lytic cycle gene expression, which was elevated in late-stage tumors (>4 weeks) but to a lesser degree in early stage (1 week) xenografts. Further, we show that L1T3/mSLK tumor growth is sensitive to an inhibitor of nitric oxide, L-NMMA. L-NMMA treatment reduced KSHV gene expression and perturbed cellular gene pathways relating to oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial dysfunction. These finding suggest that iNOS is expressed in KSHV infected endothelial-transformed tumor cells in KS, that iNOS expression depends on tumor microenvironment stress conditions, and that iNOS enzymatic activity contributes to KS tumor growth.
卡波济肉瘤(KS)是一种异质性、多灶性血管恶性肿瘤,由人类疱疹病毒 8(HHV8)引起,也称为卡波济肉瘤相关疱疹病毒(KSHV)。在这里,我们表明 KS 病变广泛表达 iNOS/NOS2,在 LANA 阳性梭形细胞中富集。iNOS 的副产物 3-硝基酪氨酸也在 LANA 阳性肿瘤细胞中富集,并与 LANA-核体的一部分共定位。我们表明 iNOS 在 KS 的 L1T3/mSLK 肿瘤模型中高度表达。iNOS 表达与 KSHV 裂解周期基因表达相关,在晚期肿瘤(>4 周)中升高,但在早期(1 周)异种移植中程度较低。此外,我们表明 L1T3/mSLK 肿瘤生长对一氧化氮抑制剂 L-NMMA 敏感。L-NMMA 治疗降低了 KSHV 基因表达,并扰乱了与氧化磷酸化和线粒体功能障碍相关的细胞基因途径。这些发现表明,iNOS 在 KS 中感染 KSHV 的内皮转化肿瘤细胞中表达,iNOS 表达取决于肿瘤微环境应激条件,并且 iNOS 酶活性有助于 KS 肿瘤生长。