Paknahad Maryam, Khojastepour Leila, Tabatabaei Salma, Mahjoori-Ghasrodashti Mohammad
Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
J Dent (Shiraz). 2023 Mar;24(1):12-18. doi: 10.30476/DENTJODS.2021.92488.1653.
Eichner index is a dental index, which is based on the occlusal contacts between naturally existing teeth in premolar and molar regions. One controversial topic is the association between occlusal status and temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) and its associated degenerative bony changes.
Through the use of cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT), the current study sought to ascertain the relationship between the Eichner index and condylar bone alterations in TMD patients.
In this retrospective study, the CBCT images of bilateral temporomandibular joints (TMJs) of 107 patients with TMD were evaluated. The patients' dentition was classified into three groups of A (71%), B (18.7%), and C (10.3%), according to the Eichner index. Radiographic indicators of condylar bone alterations, including as flattening, erosion, osteophytes, marginal sclerosis, subchondral sclerosis, and joint mice, were either present or absent and registered as 1 or 0, respectively. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the link between the condylar bony changes and the Eichner groups.
According to the Eichner index, the most prevalent group was group "A". The most prevalent radiographic finding was "flattening of the condyles" (58%). Condylar bony changes were found to be statistically related to age (= 0.00). However, no significant relationship was found between sex and condylar bony changes (= 0.80). There was a significant relationship between the Eichner index and condylar bony changes (= 0.05).
Patients with greater loss of tooth supporting zones have more condylar bony changes.
艾希纳指数是一种牙科指数，它基于前磨牙和磨牙区域自然存在的牙齿之间的咬合接触。一个有争议的话题是咬合状态与颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）及其相关的退行性骨质改变之间的关联。
通过使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT），本研究试图确定TMD患者中艾希纳指数与髁突骨改变之间的关系。
在这项回顾性研究中，对107例TMD患者双侧颞下颌关节（TMJ）的CBCT图像进行了评估。根据艾希纳指数，将患者的牙列分为A组（71%）、B组（18.7%）和C组（10.3%）。髁突骨改变的影像学指标，包括扁平、侵蚀、骨赘、边缘硬化、软骨下硬化和关节鼠，存在或不存在，并分别记录为1或0。采用卡方检验评估髁突骨改变与艾希纳组之间的联系。
根据艾希纳指数，最常见的组是“A组”。最常见的影像学表现是“髁突扁平”（58%）。发现髁突骨改变与年龄在统计学上相关（P = 0.00）。然而，未发现性别与髁突骨改变之间存在显著关系（P = 0.80）。艾希纳指数与髁突骨改变之间存在显著关系（P = 0.05）。
牙齿支持区丧失较多的患者有更多的髁突骨改变。
