Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
Department of Cardiology, Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2023 Apr;21(4):281-291. doi: 10.1080/14779072.2023.2187780. Epub 2023 Mar 12.
South Asian individuals comprise almost a quarter of the world's population and have an excess risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) compared to other ethnicities. In part, this can be explained by higher prevalence, earlier onset, and suboptimal control of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and dyslipidaemia. However, there remains a significant residual excess risk associated with South Asian ethnicity after controlling for traditional risk factors.
In this review, we describe the epidemiology of ASCVD in both native and diaspora South Asian populations. We explore how traditional cardiovascular risk factors, novel cardiovascular risk factors, and social determinants of health may contribute to the excess ASCVD risk seen in South Asian populations.
There should be increased awareness of the relative importance of South Asian ethnicity and related social determinants of health, as risk factors for ASCVD. Systematic screening processes should be tailored to this population, and modifiable risk factors should be treated aggressively. Further research is required to quantify determinants of the excess ASCVD risk seen in South Asian populations and to develop targeted interventions to address these factors.
南亚人约占世界人口的四分之一，与其他种族相比，他们患动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）的风险更高。部分原因是南亚人群中胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征和血脂异常等传统心血管危险因素的患病率更高、发病更早且控制不佳。然而，在控制传统危险因素后，与南亚种族相关的剩余 ASCVD 风险仍然很高。
在这篇综述中，我们描述了 ASCVD 在南亚本地和侨民人群中的流行情况。我们探讨了传统心血管危险因素、新型心血管危险因素和健康的社会决定因素如何导致南亚人群中 ASCVD 风险增加。
应该更加重视南亚种族及其相关健康的社会决定因素，因为这些因素是 ASCVD 的危险因素。应针对该人群制定系统的筛查流程，并积极治疗可改变的危险因素。需要进一步研究来量化南亚人群中 ASCVD 风险增加的决定因素，并制定针对这些因素的针对性干预措施。
