Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
Department of Natural Science, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
Aquat Toxicol. 2023 Apr;257:106468. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106468. Epub 2023 Feb 27.
The influence of temperature (25 and 32 °C) on the biomarker responses of bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus) to different concentrations of the atrazine metabolite 2-hydroxyatrazine (2-HA, 0, 10, 50 and 200 ng.L, 16 days), was evaluated. Temperature affected the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and acetylcholinesterase. The activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and carboxylesterase presented no alterations. Frequencies of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities were also not altered. 2-HA decreased SOD activity at 25 °C and caused histopathological changes in the liver and the kidney at both temperatures, with the kidney being more affected by the combination of higher temperature and 2-HA exposure, presenting glomerular shrinkage and an increase in Bowman's space. Our results indicate that at environmentally relevant concentrations, 2-HA can cause changes in biomarker responses as well as in the morphology of liver and kidney in L. catesbeianus tadpoles. Temperature has an important influence on biomarker response and histopathological alterations.
温度（25 和 32°C）对牛蛙蝌蚪（Lithobates catesbeianus）对不同浓度的莠去津代谢物 2-羟基莠去津（2-HA，0、10、50 和 200ng·L-1，16 天）的生物标志物反应的影响进行了评估。温度影响超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性。过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶和羧酸酯酶的活性没有变化。微核和核异常的频率也没有改变。2-HA 在 25°C 时降低了 SOD 活性，并在两种温度下导致肝脏和肾脏的组织病理学变化，其中肾脏受高温和 2-HA 暴露的组合影响更大，表现为肾小球收缩和鲍曼氏空间增加。我们的结果表明，在环境相关浓度下，2-HA 可引起牛蛙蝌蚪生物标志物反应以及肝脏和肾脏形态的变化。温度对生物标志物反应和组织病理学改变有重要影响。
