Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Feb 17;11:998699. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.998699. eCollection 2023.
Poor sleep status as a common concern is a risk factor for many health problems among older people. China with an aging society lacks relevant nationwide data on the sleep status among older people. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate trends and disparities in sleep quality and duration among older adults, and exploring influencing factors of poor sleep in China between 2008 and 2018.
We used the four-waves data of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) from 2008 to 2018. Sleep quality and average sleep hours per day was investigated by using questionnaires in the CLHLS. We categorized sleep duration as three groups including ≤5 h (short duration), 5-9 h (normal duration), or ≥9 h (long duration) per day. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine trends and risk factors of poor sleep quality, short sleep duration, and long sleep duration.
The prevalence of poor sleep quality significantly increased from 34.87% in 2008 to 47.67% in 2018 ( < 0.05). Short sleep duration significantly increased from 5.29 to 8.37%, whereas long sleep duration decreased from 28.77 to 19.27%. Multivariate analysis showed that female sex, poor economic status, a greater number of chronic diseases, underweight, poor self-reported quality of life, and poor self-reported health were associated with poor sleep quality and short sleep duration ( < 0.05).
Our findings revealed that older adults had increased prevalence of poor sleep quality and short sleep duration from 2008 to 2018. More attention should be paid to the increased sleep problems among older adults and early interventions should be made to improve sleep quality and guarantee enough sleep time.
睡眠状况不佳是老年人面临的诸多健康问题的一个常见风险因素。中国作为一个老龄化社会，缺乏关于老年人睡眠状况的全国性数据。因此，本研究旨在调查 2008 年至 2018 年中国老年人睡眠质量和时长的变化趋势和差异，并探讨影响老年人睡眠质量的因素。
我们使用了中国老年健康纵向研究（CLHLS）2008 年至 2018 年的四轮数据。CLHLS 通过问卷调查了老年人的睡眠质量和平均每天睡眠时间。我们将睡眠时间分为三组，包括每天≤5 小时（短时间）、5-9 小时（正常时间）或≥9 小时（长时间）。多变量逻辑回归模型用于检查睡眠质量差、睡眠时间短和睡眠时间长的趋势和风险因素。
睡眠质量差的患病率从 2008 年的 34.87%显著增加到 2018 年的 47.67%（<0.05）。睡眠时间短的比例从 5.29%显著增加到 8.37%，而睡眠时间长的比例从 28.77%下降到 19.27%。多变量分析表明，女性、较差的经济状况、较多的慢性疾病、体重过轻、自我报告的生活质量较差和自我报告的健康状况较差与睡眠质量差和睡眠时间短有关（<0.05）。
我们的研究结果表明，2008 年至 2018 年，老年人睡眠质量差和睡眠时间短的比例有所增加。应更加关注老年人睡眠问题的增加，并采取早期干预措施来改善睡眠质量和保证充足的睡眠时间。
