Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
Biomedical Science Core-Facility, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Feb 17;14:1124419. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1124419. eCollection 2023.
Cellular aging is the most severe risk factor for neurodegenerative disease. Simultaneously, oxidative stress (OS) is a critical factor in the aging process, resulting from an imbalance between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and the antioxidant defense system. Emerging evidence indicates that OS is a common cause of several age-related brain pathologies, including cerebrovascular diseases. Elevated OS disrupts endothelial functional ability by diminishing the bioavailability of nitric oxide (a vascular dilator), induces atherosclerosis, and impairs vasculature, which are all common characteristics of cerebrovascular disease. In this review, we summarize evidence supporting an active role of OS in cerebrovascular disease progression, focusing primarily on stroke pathogenesis. We briefly discuss hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and genetic factors that are often linked to OS and are considered associated factors influencing stroke pathology. Finally, we discuss the current pharmaceutics/therapeutics available for treating several cerebrovascular diseases.
细胞衰老（cellular aging）是神经退行性疾病（neurodegenerative disease）的最严重风险因素。同时，氧化应激（oxidative stress，OS）是衰老过程中的一个关键因素，是由活性氧和氮物种与抗氧化防御系统之间的失衡引起的。新出现的证据表明，氧化应激是几种与年龄相关的脑病理的共同原因，包括脑血管疾病（cerebrovascular diseases）。氧化应激通过降低一氧化氮（血管扩张剂）的生物利用度来破坏内皮细胞的功能能力，导致动脉粥样硬化（atherosclerosis），并损害血管，这些都是脑血管疾病的共同特征。在这篇综述中，我们总结了支持氧化应激在脑血管疾病进展中起积极作用的证据，主要集中在中风发病机制上。我们简要讨论了高血压、糖尿病、心脏病以及与氧化应激相关的遗传因素，这些因素通常被认为是影响中风病理的相关因素。最后，我们讨论了目前可用于治疗几种脑血管疾病的药物/疗法。
