Gait and Motion Analysis Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
J Sports Sci Med. 2023 Mar 1;22(1):17-27. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2023.17. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Shoulder pain is common among elite swimmers due to the tremendous stress over shoulders during swimming. Supraspinatus muscle is one of the major prime movers and stabilizers of shoulder and is highly susceptible to overloading and tendinopathy. An understanding of the relationship between supraspinatus tendon and pain; and between supraspinatus tendon and strength would assist health care practitioners for developing training regime. The objectives of this study are to evaluate 1) the association between structural abnormality of supraspinatus tendon and shoulder pain and 2) the association between structural abnormality of supraspinatus tendon and shoulder strength. We hypothesized that structural abnormality of supraspinatus tendons positively associated with shoulder pain and negatively associated with shoulder muscle strength among elite swimmers. 44 elite swimmers were recruited from the Hong Kong China Swimming Association. Supraspinatus tendon condition was evaluated using diagnostic ultrasound imaging and shoulder internal and external rotation strength was evaluated by the isokinetic dynamometer. Pearson's R was used to study the correlation between shoulder pain and supraspinatus tendon condition and to evaluate the association between isokinetic strength of shoulders and supraspinatus tendon condition. 82 shoulders had supraspinatus tendinopathy or tendon tear (93.18%). However, there was no statistically significant association between structural abnormality of supraspinatus tendon and shoulder pain. The results showed that there was no association between supraspinatus tendon abnormality and shoulder pain and there was a significant correlation between left maximal supraspinatus tendon thickness (LMSTT) and left external rotation/ concentric (LER/Con) and left external rotation/ eccentric (LER/Ecc) shoulder strength (p < 0.05) while internal rotation/ external rotation (IR/ER) ratio can also be a significant predicator on LMSTT >6mm (R = 0.462, F = 7.016, df = 1, p = 0.038). Structural change of supraspinatus tendon was not associated with shoulder pain, but could be a predictor on MSTT >6mm in elite swimmers.
由于游泳时肩部承受巨大压力，精英游泳运动员常出现肩部疼痛。冈上肌是肩部的主要原动肌和稳定肌之一，极易因超负荷和肌腱病而受损。了解冈上肌腱与疼痛之间的关系以及冈上肌腱与力量之间的关系，将有助于医疗保健从业者制定训练计划。本研究的目的是评估 1）冈上肌腱结构异常与肩部疼痛之间的关系，2）冈上肌腱结构异常与肩部力量之间的关系。我们假设，冈上肌腱结构异常与精英游泳运动员的肩部疼痛呈正相关，与肩部肌肉力量呈负相关。从中国香港游泳协会招募了 44 名精英游泳运动员。使用诊断超声成像评估冈上肌腱状况，使用等速测力计评估肩部内旋和外旋力量。使用 Pearson R 研究肩部疼痛与冈上肌腱状况之间的相关性，并评估肩部等速力量与冈上肌腱状况之间的关系。82 个肩膀患有冈上肌腱病或肌腱撕裂（93.18%）。然而，冈上肌腱结构异常与肩部疼痛之间没有统计学上的显著关联。结果表明，冈上肌腱异常与肩部疼痛之间没有关联，左最大冈上肌腱厚度（LMSTT）与左外旋/向心（LER/Con）和左外旋/离心（LER/Ecc）肩部力量之间存在显著相关性（p<0.05），而内旋/外旋（IR/ER）比值也可以作为 LMSTT>6mm 的显著预测因子（R=0.462，F=7.016，df=1，p=0.038）。冈上肌腱的结构变化与肩部疼痛无关，但可能是精英游泳运动员中 MSTT>6mm 的预测因子。
