Arrillaga Beatriz, Pérez-Bellmunt Albert, García Iker, Rodríguez-Adalia Luis, Möller Ingrid, Miguel-Pérez Maribel
Unit of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
ACTIUM Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, International University of Catalonia, 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Jan 14;13(2):151. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13020151.
This study aimed to examine the differences in shoulder ultrasonographic parameters between overhead aquatic athletes and their relationship with shoulder pain. Sixty-four healthy junior subjects ( = 128 shoulders) participated in the study, including 17 healthy controls, 25 elite junior swimmers, and 22 elite junior water polo players. An ultrasonographic study of the shoulder was carried out to measure the thickness of the rotator cuff structures in sex- and age-paired groups. Compared to controls, female and male swimmers and water polo players had thicker values in the rotator cuff tendons, including the subscapularis (SSB) ( < 0.001), supraspinatus ( < 0.001), infraspinatus ( < 0.001) and teres minor (Tm) ( < 0.025). The female swimmers had thicker values than the water polo players in the SSB ( < 0.001) and Tm ( < 0.011). In the comparison by sexes, the female controls had a thinner LHBB, SSB and Tm ( < 0.019), the female swimmers had a thinner ISP ( = 0.001), and the female water polo players had a thinner LHBB, SSB, ISP and acromiohumeral distance than their group-paired counterparts ( < 0.018). Finally, the females had a lower incidence of positive Jobe test results compared to the males ( = 0.018), which was associated with lower pain scores at rest ( < 0.034) and during training ( < 0.036). The rotator cuff tendon structures were larger in the healthy overhead aquatic athletes compared to the age- and sex-paired controls. The females had smaller values in the shoulder ultrasonographic tendon parameters compared to the age- and sport-paired males, except for the supraspinatus tendon.
本研究旨在探讨上肢水上运动员肩部超声参数的差异及其与肩部疼痛的关系。64名健康的青少年受试者（128个肩部）参与了本研究，包括17名健康对照者、25名精英青少年游泳运动员和22名精英青少年水球运动员。对肩部进行超声检查，以测量性别和年龄匹配组中肩袖结构的厚度。与对照组相比，男女游泳运动员和水球运动员的肩袖肌腱厚度值更大，包括肩胛下肌（SSB）（P<0.001）、冈上肌（P<0.001）、冈下肌（P<0.001）和小圆肌（Tm）（P<0.025）。女性游泳运动员的SSB（P<0.001）和Tm（P<0.011）厚度值比水球运动员更大。在性别比较中，女性对照组的肱二头肌长头肌腱（LHBB）、SSB和Tm更薄（P<0.019），女性游泳运动员的冈下肌（ISP）更薄（P=0.001），女性水球运动员的LHBB、SSB、ISP和肩峰下间隙比其相应的性别匹配组更薄（P<0.018）。最后，女性Jobe试验阳性结果的发生率低于男性（P=0.018），这与静息时（P<0.034）和训练期间（P<0.036）较低的疼痛评分相关。与年龄和性别匹配的对照组相比，健康的上肢水上运动员的肩袖肌腱结构更大。除冈上肌腱外，女性肩部超声肌腱参数值比年龄和运动匹配的男性更小。
