Lv Jiran, Lv Xiaohui, Ma Meihu, Oh Deog-Hwan, Jiang Zhengqiang, Fu Xing
National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200701, South Korea.
Carbohydr Polym. 2023 Jan 1;299:120142. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120142. Epub 2022 Sep 22.
Chitin is the most abundant natural amino polysaccharide, showing various practical applications owing to its functional properties. However, there are barriers in the development due to the difficulty of chitin extraction and purification, regarding its high crystallinity and low solubility. In recent years, some novel technologies such as microbial fermentation, ionic liquid, electrochemical extraction have emerged for the green extraction of chitin from new sources. Furthermore, nanotechnology, dissolution systems and chemical modification were applied to develop a variety of chitin-based biomaterials. Remarkably, chitin was used in delivering active ingredients and developing functional foods for weight loss, lipid reduction, gastrointestinal health, and anti-aging. Moreover, the application of chitin-based materials was expanded into medicine, energy and the environment. This review outlined the emerging extraction methods and processing routes of different chitin sources and advances in applying chitin-based materials. We aimed to provide some direction for the multi-disciplinary production and application of chitin.
几丁质是最丰富的天然氨基多糖，因其功能特性而具有多种实际应用。然而，由于几丁质具有高结晶度和低溶解度，其提取和纯化困难，这给其开发带来了障碍。近年来，出现了一些新技术，如微生物发酵、离子液体、电化学提取等，用于从新来源绿色提取几丁质。此外，纳米技术、溶解体系和化学修饰被应用于开发各种几丁质基生物材料。值得注意的是，几丁质被用于递送活性成分以及开发用于减肥、降脂、胃肠道健康和抗衰老的功能性食品。此外，几丁质基材料的应用扩展到了医学、能源和环境领域。本综述概述了不同几丁质来源的新兴提取方法和加工路线以及几丁质基材料应用的进展。我们旨在为几丁质的多学科生产和应用提供一些指导方向。
