Weitzel Elena Caroline, Glaesmer Heide, Hinz Andreas, Zeynalova Samira, Henger Sylvia, Engel Christoph, Löffler Markus, Reyes Nigar, Wirkner Kerstin, Witte A Veronica, Villringer Arno, Riedel-Heller Steffi G, Löbner Margrit
Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
Abteilung für Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2023 Apr;66(4):402-409. doi: 10.1007/s00103-023-03675-7. Epub 2023 Mar 6.
Resilience describes good adaptation to adversity and is a significant factor for well-being in old age. Initial studies indicate a high relevance of social resources. So far, only few studies have investigated resilience patterns in the elderly population. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate sociodemographic and social correlates of resilience in a large population-based sample aged 65 years and older.
Analyses were conducted on n = 2410 people aged 65 years and older from the follow-up survey of the LIFE-Adult-Study. The survey included the variables resilience (Resilience Scale - RS-11), social support (ENRICHD Social Support Inventory - ESSI), and social network (Lubben Social Network Scale - LSNS-6). The association of sociodemographic and social variables with resilience was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.
The age of 75 years and older was associated with lower resilience compared with the age of 65-74 years. Further, widowed marital status was related to higher resilience. Better social support and a larger social network were significantly associated with higher resilience. No association was found for gender and education.
The results reveal sociodemographic correlates of resilience in the elderly population that can help identify at-risk groups with lower resilience. Social resources are significant in older age for resilient adaptation and represent a starting point for deriving preventive measures. Social inclusion of older people should be promoted to strengthen resilience in this population and provide favorable conditions for successful aging.
复原力描述了对逆境的良好适应能力，是老年时期幸福生活的一个重要因素。初步研究表明社会资源具有高度相关性。到目前为止，仅有少数研究调查了老年人群体中的复原力模式。因此，本研究旨在调查65岁及以上基于大样本人群的复原力的社会人口学和社会关联因素。
对来自LIFE成人研究随访调查的2410名65岁及以上的人群进行分析。该调查包括复原力变量（复原力量表-RS-11）、社会支持（ENRICHD社会支持量表-ESSI）和社会网络（鲁本社会网络量表-LSNS-6）。使用多元线性回归分析来分析社会人口学和社会变量与复原力之间的关联。
与65-74岁的年龄组相比，75岁及以上的年龄组与较低的复原力相关。此外，丧偶婚姻状况与较高的复原力相关。更好的社会支持和更大的社会网络与较高的复原力显著相关。未发现性别和教育程度与复原力之间存在关联。
研究结果揭示了老年人群体中复原力的社会人口学关联因素，这有助于识别复原力较低的高危人群。社会资源在老年人适应复原方面具有重要意义，是制定预防措施的一个出发点。应促进老年人的社会融入，以增强该群体的复原力，并为成功老龄化提供有利条件。
