Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany.
J Psychosom Res. 2020 Sep;136:110170. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110170. Epub 2020 Jun 12.
We examined (i) the mean-level stability and change of trait resilience with age in three cohorts from a single study (population-based controls, depression patients, cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients), (ii) associations of sociodemographic, personality, and other factors (sex, education, Big Five, childhood trauma, depressive symptoms) with trait resilience, and (iii) the intra-individual stability across repeated trait resilience self-assessments.
1544 participants from the BiDirect Study completed the Resilienzskala-11 (RS-11; German short version of the resilience scale 25) up to three times over about four years. The repeated-measures data were analyzed using linear mixed models, stratified by cohort. Outcome was the RS-11 score, the underlying time variable was age. All factors mentioned above were considered as fixed main effects. Bland-Altman plots assessed intra-individual stability of RS-11 scores.
(i) In the population-based control cohort, there was no association between age and trait resilience (est.: -0.01; 95%-CI: -0.06, 0.04). There were modest positive associations in the patient cohorts (depression: est.: 0.08; 95%-CI: -0.01, 0.16; CVD: est.: 0.15; 95%-CI: 0.03, 0.26). (ii) For all cohorts, female sex, high education, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness (Big Five) were associated positively with trait resilience. Childhood trauma, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism were associated negatively with trait resilience. (iii) In all cohorts, the level of intra-individual stability was moderate.
We found that trait resilience was rather stable across decades of age in all cohorts, albeit intra-individual self-assessments agreed only moderately. We confirmed previous findings regarding negative and positive associations of personality and sociodemographic factors with trait resilience.
我们在一个研究中的三个队列（基于人群的对照组、抑郁症患者、心血管疾病（CVD）患者）中检查了特质弹性随年龄的平均水平稳定性和变化，（ii）与特质弹性相关的社会人口统计学、人格和其他因素（性别、教育、大五、童年创伤、抑郁症状），以及（iii）个体内特质弹性自我评估的跨重复稳定性。
BiDirect 研究中的 1544 名参与者在大约四年内完成了 Resilienzskala-11（RS-11；弹性量表 25 的德语短版）多达三次。使用线性混合模型，根据队列进行分层分析重复测量数据。结果是 RS-11 评分，基础时间变量是年龄。以上所有因素均被视为固定主效应。Bland-Altman 图评估了 RS-11 评分的个体内稳定性。
（i）在基于人群的对照组中，年龄与特质弹性之间没有关联（估计值：-0.01；95%CI：-0.06，0.04）。在患者队列中存在适度的正相关（抑郁症：估计值：0.08；95%CI：-0.01，0.16；CVD：估计值：0.15；95%CI：0.03，0.26）。（ii）对于所有队列，女性、高教育、外向、开放、宜人和尽责（大五）与特质弹性呈正相关。童年创伤、抑郁症状和神经质与特质弹性呈负相关。（iii）在所有队列中，个体内稳定性水平适中。
我们发现，在所有队列中，特质弹性在几十年的年龄中相对稳定，尽管个体内自我评估仅适度一致。我们证实了以前关于人格和社会人口统计学因素与特质弹性的负面和正面关联的发现。
