Elwakkad Amany, Gamal El Din Amina A, Saleh Hisham A, Ibrahim Noha E, Hebishy Mohamed A, Mourad Hagar H, El-Kassaby Mahitab I, Abou-Seif Howida Sayed, Elqattan Ghada M
Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (El-Tahrir St. Former), Giza, 12622, Dokki, Egypt.
Pathology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (El-Tahrir St. Former), Giza, 12622, Dokki, Egypt.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2023 Mar 6;21(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s43141-023-00481-1.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) has been demonstrated in vitro to sensitize several breast cancer cell lines and to be a safe, non-toxic drug with anti-skin cancer action in mice. Furthermore, plasmonic photothermal treatment using gold nanorods has been authorized as a novel method for in vitro and in vivo cancer therapy.
When compared to tumor-free rats, the treatment with S. cerevisiae conjugated to gold nanospheres (GNSs) lowered Bcl-2 levels while increasing FasL, Bax, cytochrome c, and caspases 8, 9, and 3 levels. Histopathological results showed changes reflecting the ability of nanogold conjugated heat-killed yeast to induce apoptosis is greater than heat-killed yeast alone as the nanogold conjugated with heat-killed yeast showed no tumor, no hyperplasia, no granulation tissue formation, no ulceration, and no suppuration. Nanogold conjugated with heat-killed yeast-treated breast cancer group displayed normal levels of ALT and AST, indicating relatively healthy hepatic cells.
Our results proved that nanogold conjugated heat-killed yeast can initiate apoptosis and can be used as a safe non-invasive method for breast cancer treatment more effectively than the yeast alone. This, in turn, gives us new insight and a future hope for the first time that breast cancer can be treated by non-invasive, simple, safe, and naturally originated method and achieves a hopeful treatment and a novel method for in vivo cancer therapy.
体外实验已证实酿酒酵母（S. cerevisiae）可使多种乳腺癌细胞系致敏，且在小鼠体内是一种具有抗皮肤癌作用的安全无毒药物。此外，使用金纳米棒的等离激元光热治疗已被批准为一种用于体外和体内癌症治疗的新方法。
与无肿瘤大鼠相比，用与金纳米球（GNSs）偶联的酿酒酵母进行治疗可降低Bcl-2水平，同时提高FasL、Bax、细胞色素c以及半胱天冬酶8、9和3的水平。组织病理学结果显示，反映纳米金偶联热灭活酵母诱导细胞凋亡能力的变化大于单独的热灭活酵母，因为与热灭活酵母偶联的纳米金未显示肿瘤、增生、肉芽组织形成、溃疡和化脓。与热灭活酵母处理的乳腺癌组偶联的纳米金显示ALT和AST水平正常，表明肝细胞相对健康。
我们的结果证明，纳米金偶联热灭活酵母可引发细胞凋亡，并且比单独使用酵母更有效地用作乳腺癌治疗的安全非侵入性方法。这反过来首次为我们提供了新的见解和未来的希望，即乳腺癌可以通过非侵入性、简单、安全且天然来源的方法进行治疗，并实现了一种有希望的治疗方法和体内癌症治疗的新方法。
