School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China.
School of Nursing, Langfang Health Vocational College, Siguang Road, Guangyang District, Langfang, Hebei, 065000, China.
Syst Rev. 2023 Mar 6;12(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s13643-023-02202-8.
Comfort is a primary patient objective and central to patient experience, and thus, maximising comfort is a universal goal for healthcare. However, comfort is a complex concept that is difficult to operationalise and evaluate, resulting in a lack of scientific and standardised comfort care practices. The Comfort Theory developed by Kolcaba has been the most widely known for its systematisation and projection and most of the global publications regarding comfort care were based on this theory. To develop international guidance on theory-informed comfort care, a better understanding about the evidence on the effects of interventions guided by the Comfort Theory is needed.
To map and present the available evidence on the effects of interventions underpinned by Kolcaba's Comfort theory in healthcare settings.
The mapping review will follow Campbell Evidence and Gap Maps guideline and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews Protocols guidelines. An intervention-outcome framework has been developed based on Comfort Theory and the classification of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions via consultation with stakeholders. Eleven electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, AMED, Cochrane Library, JBI Library of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI and Wan Fang) and grey literature sources (Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar and The Comfort Line) will be searched for primary studies and systematic reviews between 1991 and 2023 written in English and Chinese as the papers regarding Comfort Theory were first published in 1991. Additional studies will be identified by reference list review of included studies. Key authors will be contacted for unpublished or ongoing studies. Two independent reviewers will screen and extract data using piloted forms with discrepancies resolved by discussion with a third reviewer. A matrix map with filters of study characteristics will be generated and presented through software of EPPI-Mapper and NVivo.
More informed use of theory can strengthen improvement programmes and facilitate the evaluation of their effectiveness. Findings from the evidence and gap map will present the existing evidence base for researchers, practitioners and policy-makers and inform further research as well as clinical practices aiming at patients' comfort enhancement.
舒适度是患者的主要目标之一，也是患者体验的核心，因此，最大限度地提高舒适度是医疗保健的普遍目标。然而，舒适度是一个复杂的概念，难以操作和评估，导致缺乏科学和标准化的舒适护理实践。Kolcaba 发展的舒适理论因其系统化和预测性而最为知名，全球大多数关于舒适护理的出版物都是基于这一理论。为了制定基于理论的舒适护理国际指南，需要更好地了解基于 Kolcaba 舒适理论的干预措施的效果证据。
绘制和呈现现有关于基于 Kolcaba 舒适理论的干预措施效果的证据。
映射审查将遵循 Campbell 证据和差距图指南以及系统评价和荟萃分析扩展的首选报告项目范围审查协议指南。已经根据舒适理论和通过与利益相关者协商对药理学和非药理学干预措施的分类制定了干预-结果框架。将在 1991 年至 2023 年间，在 11 个电子数据库（MEDLINE、CINAHL、PsycINFO、Embase、AMED、Cochrane 图书馆、JBI 系统评价图书馆、Web of Science、Scopus、CNKI 和万方）和灰色文献来源（Google Scholar、百度学者和舒适线）中搜索 1991 年首次发表的英文和中文的主要研究和系统评价，以查找关于舒适理论的论文。将通过参考研究的审查来确定其他研究。将联系主要作者，以获取未发表或正在进行的研究。两名独立评审员将使用经过试验的表格进行筛选和提取数据，如果有分歧，则通过与第三名评审员讨论解决。将通过 EPPI-Mapper 和 NVivo 软件生成并呈现带有研究特征筛选器的矩阵图。
更明智地使用理论可以加强改进计划，并促进评估其有效性。证据和差距图的结果将为研究人员、从业者和政策制定者提供现有的证据基础，并为进一步研究以及旨在提高患者舒适度的临床实践提供信息。
