Yakın İbrahim, Temeloğlu Şen Esin
Department of Psychology, Florida International University Faculty of Sciences & Education, Florida, USA.
Department of Psychology, İstanbul University Faculty of Art, İstanbul, Turkey.
Alpha Psychiatry. 2023 Jan 1;24(1):8-12. doi: 10.5152/alphapsychiatry.2023.22972. eCollection 2023 Jan.
This study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Dark Future Scale that measures future anxiety.
The sample consisted of 478 university students aged 18-25 and used convenience sampling. They completed an online survey about sociodemographics, tobacco use, and life satisfaction, Dark Future Scale and Trait Anxiety Inventory-2 Trait Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach alpha values were used to test scale's structural validity and reliability. For convergent validity, we correlated the Turkish version of the Dark Future Scale with trait anxiety and examined the mean differences in smoking status and its association with life satisfaction.
Majority of the participants were female (73.6%), with a mean age of 21.5 (SD = 1.67). Majority (53.6%) were regular tobacco users. Results of the confirmatory factor analysis revealed a 1-factor solution to be most optimal ( = 17.091, df = 4, = .002, χ/df = 4.3, and root-mean-square error = 0.083, comparative fit index = 0.988, general fit index = 0.986, The Adjusted Goodness of Fit (AGFI) = 0.986, normalized fit index = 0.985). The alpha value for the scale reliability was 0.86. Turkish version of the Dark Future Scale was also significantly and positively correlated with trait anxiety ((478) = .67, <.01). Exploration of the association between smoking status and Turkish version of the Dark Future Scale showed that the mean score was significantly higher among smokers (M = 19.1, SD = 6.65) than nonsmokers (M = 17.7, SD = 7.69). Lastly, higher future anxiety was associated with lower life satisfaction ((478) = -0.42, < .01).
Turkish version of the Dark Future Scale is a reliable and valid scale to measure future anxiety. A brief and easy to apply, reliable, and valid future anxiety measure may be useful for many researchers in psychology and psychiatry.
本研究旨在调查测量未来焦虑的《黑暗未来量表》土耳其语版本的心理测量特性。
样本包括478名年龄在18 - 25岁的大学生，采用便利抽样。他们完成了一项关于社会人口统计学、烟草使用、生活满意度、《黑暗未来量表》和特质焦虑量表-2特质量表的在线调查。使用验证性因素分析和克朗巴哈α值来检验量表的结构效度和信度。为了检验收敛效度，我们将《黑暗未来量表》土耳其语版本与特质焦虑进行相关性分析，并检查吸烟状况的平均差异及其与生活满意度的关联。
大多数参与者为女性（73.6%），平均年龄为21.5岁（标准差 = 1.67）。大多数（53.6%）为经常吸烟的人。验证性因素分析结果显示单因素模型最为合适（χ² = 17.091，自由度 = 4，p = 0.002，χ²/自由度 = 4.3，均方根误差 = 0.083，比较拟合指数 = 0.988，一般拟合指数 = 0.986，调整拟合优度（AGFI） = 0.986，标准化拟合指数 = 0.985）。量表信度的α值为0.86。《黑暗未来量表》土耳其语版本也与特质焦虑显著正相关（r(478) = 0.67，p < 0.01）。对吸烟状况与《黑暗未来量表》土耳其语版本之间关联的探索表明，吸烟者的平均得分（M = 19.1，标准差 = 6.65）显著高于非吸烟者（M = 17.7，标准差 = 7.69）。最后，更高的未来焦虑与更低的生活满意度相关（r(478) = -0.42，p < 0.01）。
《黑暗未来量表》土耳其语版本是一种可靠且有效的测量未来焦虑的量表。一种简短、易于应用、可靠且有效的未来焦虑测量工具可能对许多心理学和精神病学研究人员有用。
