Harley Naomi H, Leslie Lori A
New York University School of Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, 1 Marine View Plaza, Apt. 24E, Hoboken, NJ 07030.
John Theurer Cancer Center, Lymphoma Division, Hackensack Meridian Health, Hackensack, NJ 07601.
Health Phys. 2023 Jun 1;124(6):475-477. doi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001687. Epub 2023 Mar 7.
Leukemia was the first medically observed human cancer related to ionizing radiation in the 1945 follow-up study of atomic bomb survivors. The bone exposure and dose calculated here are based on the measured solubility of the noble gas 222 Rn in blood. A fraction of the 222 Rn gas in blood distributes as dissolved gas to all organs, with the fraction depending upon the blood flow rate to the organ. The exposure and dose calculated are for men and women based on measurements made for the blood flow rate to the femur, the largest bone in the human skeleton. The annual exposure and dose estimated for continuous 222 Rn inhalation of 100 Bq m -3 are very low and unlikely to cause leukemia. Other neurological issues, from lifetime exposure to low activity concentrations of 222 Rn alpha particle exposure in bone, are unknown.
白血病是1945年对原子弹幸存者进行后续研究时医学上首次观察到的与电离辐射相关的人类癌症。此处计算的骨骼暴露量和剂量是基于测量到的惰性气体222Rn在血液中的溶解度。血液中的一部分222Rn气体会以溶解气体的形式分布到所有器官，其比例取决于器官的血流速度。计算得出的暴露量和剂量是基于对人体骨骼中最大的骨头——股骨的血流速度测量结果，适用于男性和女性。估计持续吸入100 Bq m-3的222Rn时的年暴露量和剂量非常低，不太可能导致白血病。因终生暴露于骨骼中低活度浓度的222Rnα粒子而引发的其他神经问题尚不清楚。
