School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; email:
Current affiliation: College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; email:
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2023 May 22;74:453-479. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-070722-015329. Epub 2023 Mar 8.
Plant hormones are a group of small signaling molecules produced by plants at very low concentrations that have the ability to move and function at distal sites. Hormone homeostasis is critical to balance plant growth and development and is regulated at multiple levels, including hormone biosynthesis, catabolism, perception, and transduction. In addition, plants move hormones over short and long distances to regulate various developmental processes and responses to environmental factors. Transporters coordinate these movements, resulting in hormone maxima, gradients, and cellular and subcellular sinks. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of most of the characterized plant hormone transporters with respect to biochemical, physiological, and developmental activities. We further discuss the subcellular localizations of transporters, their substrate specificities, and the need for multiple transporters for the same hormone in the context of plant growth and development.
植物激素是一组由植物在极低浓度下产生的小分子信号分子，它们具有在远程位置移动和发挥作用的能力。激素平衡对于平衡植物的生长和发育至关重要，并且受到多种水平的调节，包括激素的生物合成、分解代谢、感知和转导。此外，植物还会短距离和长距离地移动激素，以调节各种发育过程和对环境因素的反应。转运蛋白协调这些运动，从而产生激素最大值、梯度以及细胞和亚细胞汇。在这里，我们总结了大多数已鉴定的植物激素转运蛋白的生化、生理和发育活性方面的现有知识。我们还进一步讨论了转运蛋白的亚细胞定位、它们的底物特异性，以及在植物生长和发育的背景下，同一激素需要多种转运蛋白的情况。
