CABI, Rue des Grillons 1, 2800 Delémont, Switzerland.
J Econ Entomol. 2023 Apr 24;116(2):331-341. doi: 10.1093/jee/toad029.
Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is a polyphagous agricultural pest threatening food security worldwide. This American species recently invaded most of Africa, many Asian countries, and Oceania, where it mainly damages maize. Classical biological control (CBC) through the introduction of natural enemies from its area of origin is considered as a potential management approach. The paper reviews the prospects and constraints of a CBC programme against S. frugiperda using larval parasitoids, which are considered the most suitable natural enemies for introduction against this pest. The most important larval parasitoids in its native range are presented and discussed for their suitability as CBC agents, based the following criteria: their frequency of occurrence and parasitism levels, specificity, climatic suitability and absence of closely related species parasitizing S. frugiperda in the area of introduction. The ichneumonid Eiphosoma laphygmae Costa-Lima (Hymenoptera: Icheumonidae) is considered as a potential candidate for introduction because of its specificity and its importance as a parasitoid of the pest in most of its native range. The most frequent and important parasitoid of S. frugiperda in the Americas, the braconid Chelonus insularis Cresson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), would most probably contribute to the control of S. frugiperda if released in invaded areas. However, it is oligophagous and would most certainly parasitize nontarget species. Before introducing C. insularis, or any other parasitoid species, the potential nontarget effects will have to be assessed and the risks will have to be weighed against the benefits of improving the natural control of this important pest.
草地贪夜蛾，也称秋黏虫，是一种具有广泛食性的农业害虫，对全球粮食安全构成威胁。该美国物种最近入侵了非洲大部分地区、亚洲许多国家和大洋洲，主要对玉米造成损害。通过从起源地引入天敌的传统生物防治（CBC）被认为是一种潜在的管理方法。本文综述了利用幼虫寄生蜂对草地贪夜蛾进行 CBC 计划的前景和限制，幼虫寄生蜂被认为是引入该害虫最适宜的天敌。根据以下标准，介绍并讨论了其原产地区最重要的幼虫寄生蜂，评估它们作为 CBC 代理的适宜性：它们的发生频率和寄生水平、特异性、气候适宜性以及在引入地区是否存在寄生草地贪夜蛾的近缘种。膜翅目姬蜂科的 Eiphosoma laphygmae Costa-Lima 被认为是一种有潜力的引入候选种，因为它具有特异性，并且在其大部分原产地区是该害虫的重要寄生蜂。在美洲，最常见和最重要的草地贪夜蛾寄生蜂是钻腹姬蜂 Chelonus insularis Cresson（膜翅目：钻腹姬蜂科），如果在入侵地区释放，它很可能有助于控制草地贪夜蛾。然而，它是寡食性的，很可能会寄生非目标物种。在引入 C. insularis 或任何其他寄生蜂种之前，必须评估其潜在的非目标影响，并权衡其对改善这种重要害虫自然控制的益处和风险。
