Lin Qixiong, Peng Yueyou, Wen Yanyan, Li Xiaoqiong, Du Donglian, Dai Weibin, Tian Wei, Meng Yanfeng
The Ninth Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030009, China.
Department of MRI, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030009, China.
Beilstein J Nanotechnol. 2023 Feb 27;14:262-279. doi: 10.3762/bjnano.14.24. eCollection 2023.
Immune clearance and insufficient targeting have limited the efficacy of existing therapeutic strategies for cancer. Toxic side effects and individual differences in response to treatment have further limited the benefits of clinical treatment for patients. Biomimetic cancer cell membrane-based nanotechnology has provided a new approach for biomedicine to overcome these obstacles. Biomimetic nanoparticles exhibit various effects (e.g., homotypic targeting, prolonging drug circulation, regulating the immune system, and penetrating biological barriers) after encapsulation by cancer cell membranes. The sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic methods will also be improved by utilizing the properties of cancer cell membranes. In this review, different properties and functions of cancer cell membranes are presented. Utilizing these advantages, nanoparticles can exhibit unique therapeutic capabilities in various types of diseases, such as solid tumors, hematological malignancies, immune system diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, cancer cell membrane-encapsulated nanoparticles show improved effectiveness and efficiency in combination with current diagnostic and therapeutic methods, which will contribute to the development of individualized treatments. This strategy has promising clinical translation prospects, and the associated challenges are discussed.
免疫清除和靶向不足限制了现有癌症治疗策略的疗效。毒性副作用以及个体对治疗反应的差异进一步限制了临床治疗给患者带来的益处。基于仿生癌细胞膜的纳米技术为生物医学克服这些障碍提供了一种新方法。仿生纳米颗粒在被癌细胞膜包裹后展现出多种效应（如同源靶向、延长药物循环时间、调节免疫系统以及穿透生物屏障）。利用癌细胞膜的特性还能提高诊断方法的灵敏度和特异性。在这篇综述中，介绍了癌细胞膜的不同特性和功能。利用这些优势，纳米颗粒在各类疾病（如实体瘤、血液系统恶性肿瘤、免疫系统疾病和心血管疾病）中可展现出独特的治疗能力。此外，与当前的诊断和治疗方法相结合时，癌细胞膜包裹的纳米颗粒显示出更高的有效性和效率，这将有助于个性化治疗的发展。这种策略具有广阔的临床转化前景，并对相关挑战进行了讨论。
