School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Med Sci. 2023 Mar;48(2):118-129. doi: 10.30476/IJMS.2022.93123.2442.
Hydatid disease is a zoonotic infection caused primarily by the tapeworm parasite, . It is considered an endemic disease in the Mediterranean region. In about 90% of cases, hydatid cysts are found in the liver and lungs; however, any other organ in the body may be affected, particularly in endemic areas. When encountering cystic lesions in these areas, the physician should always keep hydatid disease as a possible diagnosis in mind. To avoid life-threatening conditions such as anaphylactic shock or pressure effect on vital organs, timely diagnosis, and proper management are critical. When a rare site is involved, hydatid disease should be diagnosed using a combination of serologic assays and imaging modalities such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These imaging modalities can also be used to determine the extent of the disease and assess possible complications. Here, we present a pictorial review of typical imaging manifestations of hydatid cysts in unusual sites. Being aware of these imaging features will assist physicians in making an accurate, timely diagnosis and subsequently, providing optimal management.
包虫病是一种由带绦虫寄生虫引起的人畜共患感染病。它被认为是地中海地区的地方病。在大约 90%的病例中，包虫囊肿见于肝脏和肺部；然而，身体的任何其他器官都可能受到影响，特别是在流行地区。当在这些区域遇到囊性病变时，医生应始终将包虫病作为可能的诊断来考虑。为避免发生过敏休克或对重要器官的压力效应等危及生命的情况，及时诊断和适当的管理至关重要。当涉及罕见部位时，应结合血清学检测和超声、计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像（MRI）等影像学手段来诊断包虫病。这些影像学手段还可用于确定疾病的范围并评估可能的并发症。在此，我们通过图片回顾了罕见部位包虫囊肿的典型影像学表现。了解这些影像学特征将有助于医生做出准确、及时的诊断，并随后提供最佳的治疗方案。
