Ledesma-Pacheco S Janin, Uriostegui-Pena Andrea G, Rodriguez-Jacinto Estefania, Gomez-Hernandez Elizabeth, Estrada-Meza Carolina, Banerjee Antara, Pathak Surajit, Ruiz-Manriquez Luis M, Duttaroy Asim K, Paul Sujay
Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Queretaro, Mexico.
Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India.
Front Genet. 2023 Feb 21;14:1137017. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1137017. eCollection 2023.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNA molecules capable of regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level either by translational inhibition or mRNA degradation and have recently been importantly related to the diagnosis and prognosis of the most relevant endocrine disorders. The endocrine system comprises various highly vascularized ductless organs regulating metabolism, growth and development, and sexual function. Endocrine disorders constitute the fifth principal cause of death worldwide, and they are considered a significant public health problem due to their long-term effects and negative impact on the patient's quality of life. Over the last few years, miRNAs have been discovered to regulate various biological processes associated with endocrine disorders, which could be advantageous in developing new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The present review aims to provide an overview of the most recent and significant information regarding the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs during the development of the most relevant endocrine disorders, including diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases, osteoporosis, pituitary tumors, Cushing's syndrome, adrenal insufficiency and multiple endocrine neoplasia, and their potential implications as disease biomarkers.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类内源性非编码小分子RNA，能够通过抑制翻译或降解mRNA在转录后水平调控基因表达，最近它们与最相关的内分泌疾病的诊断和预后密切相关。内分泌系统由各种高度血管化的无导管器官组成，这些器官调节新陈代谢、生长发育和性功能。内分泌疾病是全球第五大主要死因，由于其长期影响以及对患者生活质量的负面影响，它们被视为一个重大的公共卫生问题。在过去几年中，人们发现miRNA可调节与内分泌疾病相关的各种生物学过程，这可能有利于开发新的诊断和治疗工具。本综述旨在概述有关miRNA在最相关内分泌疾病（包括糖尿病、甲状腺疾病、骨质疏松症、垂体肿瘤、库欣综合征、肾上腺功能不全和多发性内分泌肿瘤）发生发展过程中的调控机制的最新重要信息，以及它们作为疾病生物标志物的潜在意义。
