Handelsman David J, Gild Matti, Clifton-Bligh Roderick, Speers Naomi, Kouzios Dorothy, McMartin Melissa C, Desai Reena
ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
Andrology Department, Concord Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
J Endocr Soc. 2023 Feb 17;7(5):bvad027. doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvad027. eCollection 2023 Mar 6.
Thyroid hormone (TH) abuse for performance enhancement in sport remains controversial and it is not prohibited in sports under the World Anti-Doping Code. However, the prevalence of TH usage in athletes is not known.
We investigated TH use among Australian athletes undergoing antidoping tests for competition in World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)-compliant sports by measuring TH in serum and surveying mandatory doping control form (DCF) declarations by athletes of all drugs used in the week prior to the antidoping test.
Serum thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and reverse T3 were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and serum thyrotropin, free T4, and free T3 by immunoassays in 498 frozen serum samples from antidoping tests together with a separate set of 509 DCFs.
Two athletes had biochemical thyrotoxicosis giving a prevalence of 4 per 1000 athletes (upper 95% confidence limit [CL] 16). Similarly, only 2 of 509 DCFs declared usage of T4 and none for T3, also giving a prevalence of 4 (upper 95% CL 16) per 1000 athletes. These estimates were consistent with DCF analyses from international competitions and lower than the estimated T4 prescription rates in the age-matched Australian population.
There is minimal evidence for TH abuse among Australian athletes being tested for competing in WADA-compliant sports.
在体育运动中滥用甲状腺激素（TH）以提高成绩仍存在争议，且在世界反兴奋剂条例下的体育项目中并不被禁止。然而，运动员使用TH的流行率尚不清楚。
我们通过检测血清中的TH以及调查运动员在反兴奋剂检测前一周使用的所有药物的强制性兴奋剂控制表格（DCF）声明，研究了参加符合世界反兴奋剂机构（WADA）规定的体育比赛的澳大利亚运动员中TH的使用情况。
采用液相色谱-质谱法测定498份来自反兴奋剂检测的冷冻血清样本中的血清甲状腺素（T4）、三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）和反T3，采用免疫分析法测定血清促甲状腺激素、游离T4和游离T3，同时还收集了另外509份DCF。
两名运动员出现生化性甲状腺毒症，每1000名运动员中的患病率为4例（95%置信上限[CL]为16）。同样，在509份DCF中，只有2份声明使用了T4，没有一份声明使用T3，每1000名运动员中的患病率也为4例（95%CL上限为16）。这些估计与国际比赛的DCF分析结果一致，且低于年龄匹配的澳大利亚人群中估计的T4处方率。
在接受检测的参加符合WADA规定的体育比赛的澳大利亚运动员中，几乎没有证据表明存在TH滥用情况。
