Li Xinguo, Sun Xiaonan, Wang Bingyuan, Li Yiling, Tong Jing
The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
The 4th People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110031, China.
Asian J Pharm Sci. 2023 Jan;18(1):100771. doi: 10.1016/j.ajps.2022.100771. Epub 2022 Dec 29.
Current treatments for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have limited success in improving patients' quality of life and prolonging life expectancy. The clinical need for more efficient and safe therapies has contributed to the exploration of emerging strategies. Recently, there has been increased interest in oncolytic viruses (OVs) as a therapeutic modality for HCC. OVs undergo selective replication in cancerous tissues and kill tumor cells. Strikingly, pexastimogene devacirepvec (Pexa-Vec) was granted an orphan drug status in HCC by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2013. Meanwhile, dozens of OVs are being tested in HCC-directed clinical and preclinical trials. In this review, the pathogenesis and current therapies of HCC are outlined. Next, we summarize multiple OVs as single therapeutic agents for the treatment of HCC, which have demonstrated certain efficacy and low toxicity. Emerging carrier cell-, bioengineered cell mimetic- or nonbiological vehicle-mediated OV intravenous delivery systems in HCC therapy are described. In addition, we highlight the combination treatments between oncolytic virotherapy and other modalities. Finally, the clinical challenges and prospects of OV-based biotherapy are discussed, with the aim of continuing to develop a fascinating approach in HCC patients.
目前针对晚期肝细胞癌（HCC）的治疗在改善患者生活质量和延长预期寿命方面成效有限。对更高效、安全疗法的临床需求推动了新策略的探索。最近，溶瘤病毒（OVs）作为一种治疗HCC的方法受到了更多关注。OVs在癌组织中进行选择性复制并杀死肿瘤细胞。引人注目的是，pexastimogene devacirepvec（Pexa-Vec）于2013年被美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）授予HCC孤儿药地位。与此同时，数十种OVs正在针对HCC的临床和临床前试验中接受测试。在本综述中，概述了HCC的发病机制和当前治疗方法。接下来，我们总结了多种作为单一治疗剂用于治疗HCC的OVs，它们已显示出一定疗效且毒性较低。描述了在HCC治疗中新兴的载体细胞、生物工程细胞模拟物或非生物载体介导的OV静脉给药系统。此外，我们强调了溶瘤病毒疗法与其他方式的联合治疗。最后，讨论了基于OV的生物疗法的临床挑战和前景，旨在继续为HCC患者开发一种引人入胜的方法。
