Zhang Minni, Huang Kailin, Yin Qiushi, Wu Xueqin, Zhu Mingyue, Li Mengsen
Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, People's Republic of China.
The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Hainan Biological Sample Resources of Major Diseases, The Hainan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570102, Hainan, People's Republic of China.
Discov Oncol. 2025 Jan 7;16(1):15. doi: 10.1007/s12672-025-01747-5.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a global health challenge owing to its widespread incidence and high mortality. HCC has a specific immune tolerance function because of its unique physiological structure, which limits the efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and molecular targeting. In recent years, new immune approaches, including adoptive cell therapy, tumor vaccines, and oncolytic virus therapy, have shown great potential. As the efficacy of immunotherapy mainly depends on the spatial heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment, it is necessary to elucidate the crosstalk between the composition of the liver cancer immune environment, from which potential therapeutic targets can be selected to provide more appropriate individualized treatment programs. The role of spatial heterogeneity of immune cells in the microenvironment of HCC in the progression and influence of immunotherapy on improving the treatment and prognosis of HCC were comprehensively analyzed, providing new inspiration for the subsequent clinical treatment of liver cancer.
肝细胞癌（HCC）因其广泛的发病率和高死亡率，仍然是一项全球性的健康挑战。由于其独特的生理结构，HCC具有特定的免疫耐受功能，这限制了化疗、放疗和分子靶向治疗的疗效。近年来，新的免疫疗法，包括过继性细胞疗法、肿瘤疫苗和溶瘤病毒疗法，已显示出巨大潜力。由于免疫疗法的疗效主要取决于肿瘤免疫微环境的空间异质性，因此有必要阐明肝癌免疫环境组成之间的相互作用，从中可以选择潜在的治疗靶点，以提供更合适的个体化治疗方案。全面分析了免疫细胞在HCC微环境中的空间异质性在HCC进展中的作用以及免疫疗法对改善HCC治疗和预后的影响，为后续肝癌的临床治疗提供了新的思路。
