Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, 3158University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, 70412University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2023 Jan-Dec;38:15333175231160010. doi: 10.1177/15333175231160010.
Pupil dilation functions as a proxy for cognitive effort and can be measured through automated pupillometry. The aim of this scoping review is to examine how individuals with cognitive impairment differ in task-evoked pupillary responses relative to cognitively healthy individuals. A systematic literature search across six databases was conducted to identify studies examining changes in pupillary responses evoked by cognitive tasks comparing patients with dementia to healthy controls. Eight articles met inclusion criteria and were included for review. Differences in task-evoked pupillary response between cognitively impaired and cognitively healthy participants were observed across studies. Pupil dilation is decreased in patients with Alzheimer's Disease compared to controls, with no difference observed in patients with mild cognitive impairment. A mild, non-significant trend towards reduced pupil dilation in patients with either Parkinson's Disease or Dementia with Lewy Bodies suggests a similar but less pronounced effect than in AD patients. Further research is required to examine the utility of task-evoked pupillary responses as a potential biomarker indexing cognitive decline in individuals transitioning to mild cognitive impairment and/or dementia.
瞳孔扩张作为认知努力的代理指标，可以通过自动瞳孔测量来测量。本范围综述的目的是研究认知障碍个体与认知健康个体相比，在任务诱发的瞳孔反应方面有何不同。通过对六个数据库进行系统的文献检索，确定了比较痴呆患者与健康对照者认知任务诱发瞳孔反应变化的研究。有 8 篇文章符合纳入标准并被纳入审查。研究观察到认知障碍和认知健康参与者之间的任务诱发瞳孔反应存在差异。与对照组相比，阿尔茨海默病患者的瞳孔扩张减少，而轻度认知障碍患者则没有差异。帕金森病或路易体痴呆患者的瞳孔扩张轻度、无显著减少，表明与 AD 患者相比，瞳孔扩张减少的影响相似但程度较轻。需要进一步研究，以检验任务诱发的瞳孔反应作为一种潜在的生物标志物，用于评估从轻度认知障碍和/或痴呆过渡的个体认知能力下降的效用。
